Acid Base

Question 1

PaCO2 norm range

Answer 1

35-45mmHg

Question 2

HCO3 norm range

Answer 2

22-26 mmHg

Question 3

pH 7.2
paCO2 60 mm/Hg
HCOs 24 mL/Eq

Answer 3

Acute Respiratory Acidosis (Uncompensated):

Question 4

causes and s/s metabolic alkalosis

Answer 4

cause too much antacid, volume loss
acid loss or HCO3 gain
s/s: high HR, weakness, lethargy, dysrhythmia, muscle twitch, hypoventilation

Question 5

causes and s/s metabolic acidosis

Answer 5

cause: DKA, kidney failure, diarrhea, liver failure
acid gain or HCO3 loss
s/s: low BP, high HR, GI upset, arrhythmia, Kussmal breathing

Question 6

causes and s/s respiratory alkalosis

Answer 6

cause: hyperventilation, pain, shock
s/s: SOB, dizzy

Question 7

causes and s/s respiratory acidosis
labs might see

Answer 7

cause: hypoventilation, asthma, COPD, pna, PE, pneumothorax, benzo/opioid
s/s: confusion, headache, polycythemia(low platelet, high rbc)

Question 8

which ion maintains osmotic pressure in ECF

Answer 8

Na

Question 9

which ion maintains osmotic pressure in ICF

Answer 9

K

Question 10

(capillary) hydrostatic pressure

Answer 10

mechanical force pushing against cell membrane (25-35mmHg)

Question 11

increased capillary hydrostatic would do what

Answer 11

push excess fluid from capillaries into ECF

Question 12

oncotic pressure

Answer 12

pulling forces exerted by protein in plasma that pulls fluid from interstitial space into blood

Question 13

low oncotic pressure
2 dx:

Answer 13

caused by low protein-cannot pull fluid into cell so fluid stays in ECF
ex: alcoholism, starvation

Question 14

ADH is made where? stored where?
triggered by?

Answer 14

made: hypothalamus
stored: posterior pituitary
hypovolumia, low BP

Question 15

where is aldosterone made? what does it do?
what triggers its release?

Answer 15

made: adrenal cortex
controls Na levels
aldosterone triggered by high potassium, low BP and low Na

Question 16

normal PaCO2 range

Answer 16

35-45mmHg

Question 17

normal HCO3 range

Answer 17

22-26mL/Eq

Question 18

pH 7.36
paCO2 60 mm/Hg
HCOs 33 mL/Eq

Answer 18

respiratory acidosis with metabolic compensation

Question 19

pH 7.5
paCO2 28 mm/Hg
HCOs 24 mL/Eq

Answer 19

respiratory alkalosis without compensation

Question 20

pH 7.46
paCO2 25 mm/Hg
HCOs 18 mL/Eq

Answer 20

respiratory alkalosis with compensation

Question 21

pH 7.2
paCO2 36 mm/Hg
HCOs 20 mL/Eq

Answer 21

metabolic acidosis without compensation

Question 22

pH 7.36
paCO2 33 mm/Hg
HCOs 17 mL/Eq

Answer 22

metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation

Question 23

pH 7.44
paCO2 46 mm/Hg
HCOs 42 mL/Eq

Answer 23

metabolic alkalosis with respiratory compensation

Question 24

pH 7.52
paCO2 40 mm/Hg
HCOs 32 mL/Eq

Answer 24

metabolic alkalosis without compensation

Question 25

pH 7.29 paCO2 47 mm/Hg HCOs 24 mL/Eq

Answer 25

respiratory acidosis without compensation

Question 26

pH 7.31 paCO2 49 mm/Hg HCOs 30 mL/Eq

Answer 26

respiratory acidosis with partial compensation

Question 27

pH 7.35 paCO2 48 mm/Hg HCOs 29 mL/Eq

Answer 27

respiratory acidosis with full compensation

Question 28

pH 7.49 paCO2 33 mm/Hg HCOs 24 mL/Eq

Answer 28

respiratory alkalosis without compensation

Question 29

pH 7.48 paCO2 31 mm/Hg HCOs 20 mL/Eq

Answer 29

respiratory alkalosis with partial compensation

Question 30

pH 7.32 paCO2 40 mm/Hg HCOs 16 mL/Eq

Answer 30

metabolic acidosis without compensation

Question 31

pH 7.45 paCO2 30 mm/Hg HCOs 19 mL/Eq

Answer 31

respiratory alkalosis with full compensation

Question 32

pH 7.31 paCO2 30 mm/Hg HCOs 18 mL/Eq

Answer 32

metabolic acidosis with partial compensation

Question 33

PaO2 range

Answer 33

80-100mm/Hg