Acne

Question 1

what is an open comedo

Answer 1

• blackhead

Question 2

what is a closed comedo

Answer 2

• whitehead

Question 3

acne vulgaris is a disorder of _______

Answer 3

• pilosebaceous follicles

Question 4

acne generally ends by what age

Answer 4

• age 25

Question 5

women may have their first outbreak of acne at what age

Answer 5

• 20-35

Question 6

what kind of acne is characterized by open and closed comedones

Answer 6

• comedonal

Question 7

what kind of acne is characterized by papules and pustules

Answer 7

• inflammatory

Question 8

what kind of acne is characterized by nodules and cysts

Answer 8

• nodulocystic

Question 9

what 4 factors are related to acne

Answer 9

• presence of androgen hormones - sebaceous gland activity - plugging of hair follicle - P. acnes in the hair follicle

Question 10

what increases sebaceous gland activity

Answer 10

• androgen hormones

Question 11

roles of P. acnes bacteria

Answer 11

• metabolizes lipids to free fatty acids - causes inflammation

Question 12

treat mild comedonal acne with

Answer 12

• topical retinoid

Question 13

treat mild papular/pustular acne with

Answer 13

• retinoid + clindamycin or erythromycin

Question 14

treat moderate papular/pustular or mild nodular acne with

Answer 14

• retinoid + clindamycin or erythromycin + minocyclin or doxycycline

Question 15

treat severe/scarring nodular acne with

Answer 15

• oral isotretinoin

Question 16

topical retinoids are derivatives of

Answer 16

• vitamin A

Question 17

why do we use topical antibiotics for acne

Answer 17

• reduce number of P. acnes bacteria - reduce inflammation

Question 18

negative effect of benzoyl peroxide

Answer 18

• may bleach fabric

Question 19

all topical acne treatments take how long to work

Answer 19

• 4-6 weeks

Question 20

side effects of minocycline

Answer 20

• vertigo

Question 21

side effects of doxycycline

Answer 21

• photosensitizing - GI upset

Question 22

do oral antibiotics affect oral contraceptives

Answer 22

• no

Question 23

bad effect of isotretinoin

Answer 23

• highly teratogenic

Question 24

how can spironolactone improve acne

Answer 24

• has anti-androgenic effects

Question 25

women presenting with bad acne, new upper lip and chin hair growth, and irregular menstrual cycles could have

Answer 25

- polycystic ovarian syndrome

Question 26

hormonal acne often appears where

Answer 26

- jawline