1
Q
Define aircrew coordination.
A
The cooperative interaction among crewmembers necessary for safe, efficient, and effective performance of flight tasks.
2
Q
Describe aircrew coordination.
A
A set of principles, attitudes, procedures, and techniques that transforms individuals into an effective crew.
3
Q
What is the primary purpose of aircrew coordination?
A
Enhance vital communication between all crewmembers.
4
Q
Cockpit resource management, integrated resource management, and crew coordination are other names for:
A
Army aircrew coordination
5
Q
Based on accident investigations, what 6 errors/ failures associated with aircrew coordination has the Combat Readiness Center (CRC) identified?
A
- P* to properly direct assistance from other crewmembers.
- Crewmember to announce a decision/action that affected the ability of the other crewmembers to properly perform their duties.
- Crewmember to communicate positively (verbally and non-verbally).
- PC to assign crew responsibilities properly before and during the mission.
- P or other crew members to offer assistance.
- P* to execute flight actions in the proper sequence with the actions of the other crew members.
6
Q
What are examples of preparatory tasks conducted during the pre-mission planning phase?
A
Assigning crewmember responsibilities
Conducted all required briefings
7
Q
The PC ensures that crewmembers take advantage of ________ to review or rehearse upcoming flight segments.
A
Periods of low workload
8
Q
Why should each crewmember actively participate in the mission planning process?
A
To ensure a common understanding of mission intent and operational sequence
9
Q
What were the two changes made by identification of aircrew coordination errors/failures?
A
- Incorporation of aircrew coordination into every ATM task
- Development of the aircrew coordination annual sustainment course
10
Q
How many Aircrew Coordination Objectives are there?
A
5
11
Q
How many Aircrew Coordination Qualities are there?
A
13
12
Q
How many Aircrew Coordination Elements are there?
A
8
13
Q
What the Objectives of Aircrew Coordination?
A
- Establish and maintain team relationships
- Plan mission and rehearse
- Establish and maintain workloads
- Exchange mission information
- Cross-monitor performance
14
Q
What are the Elements of Aircrew Coordination?
A
- Communicate positively
- Be explicit
- Announce actions
- Acknowledge actions
- Direct assistance
- Offer assistance
- Coordinate action sequence and timing
- Provide aircraft control and obstacle advisories
15
Q
What basic quality is associated with establishing and maintaining team relationships?
A
Flight team leadership and crew climate are established and maintained
16
Q
The ________ actively establishes an open climate where crewmembers freely talk and ask questions.
A
PC
17
Q
A group of assertive crewmembers who all participate in the planning and execution of the mission and maintain a relaxed but professional cockpit climate would be an example of what kind of crew?
A
Effective
18
Q
A group of crewmembers with varying feelings who are unable to balance task and personnel considerations and receive only cursory briefings from the PC would be an example of what kind of crew?
A
Ineffective
19
Q
What are the critical phases of team-building?
A
- Unit orientation and battle-rostering
- Pre-mission planning and rehearsal
- Task execution
- Crew-level after action review
- Remain overnight and TDY missions
20
Q
Lack of support, SOP ignored, and stress problems are examples of what?
A
Team management problems
21
Q
True or False: Alternative viewpoints are a normal and occasional part of crew interaction.
A
True
22
Q
What two basic qualities are associated with planning the mission and rehearsing?
A
- Pre-mission planning and rehearsal are accomplished
- Appropriate decision-making techniques are applied
23
Q
“To explore, in concert, all aspects of the assigned mission and analyze each segment for potential difficulties and possible reactions in terms of commander’s intent” describes which Aircrew Coordination Objective?
A
Plan mission and rehearse
24
Q
“Establish a positive working relationship that allows the crew to communicate openly and freely and to operate in a concerted manner” describes which Aircrew Coordination Objective?
A
Establish and maintain team relationships
25
What are examples of events that are often present in aviation accidents?
- Sudden loss of visual reference
- Malfunctions (i.e., lights, audio, and other distractions)
- Maneuvers during formation flight
- NVG descents over low contrast surfaces
- Approaches into tight LZs with numerous obstacles
- Maneuvering too close to obstacles
- Wire avoidance
- Threat evasive maneuvers
- IIMC
- Terrain flight maneuver
26
Give examples of factors affecting planning and rehearsals.
- Time available to plan: pre-mission vs. in-flight
- Type of mission
- Crew’s familiarity with current tactical situation, area of operations, unit SOP, and the planning process
- Completeness and thoroughness of unit SOP
- Experience or proficiency level of the individual crew members and the crew itself
- Information available to the crew
27
________ is the act of rendering a solution to a problem and defining a plan of action.
Decision-making
28
Decision-making must involve ________.
Risk assessment
29
Although the entire crew should be involved in the decision-making and problem-solving process, the ________ is the key decision maker.
PC
30
What are the two decision-making styles?
Analytical
Automatic
31
Which style of decision-making is useful for dealing with structured problems, uses a systematic approach, and takes more time?
Analytical
32
Which style of decision-making is based on prior training and experience, is useful in dealing with unstructured problems, and may not consider all data due to its quickness?
Automatic
33
The analytical decision-making process is similar to what other planning method?
MDMP (Military Decision-Making Process)
34
The automatic decision-making process is similar to what other form of task execution?
A battle drill, or emergency procedure
35
What are the key differences between the two decision-making styles?
- Time available
- Information gathering
- Developing Alternatives
- Selecting Alternatives
36
What is the importance of the decision-making process?
- Supports the goal of aircrew coordination.
- Achieves synergy.
- Fosters an environment of good communication and leadership.
37
Name the hazardous attitudes.
- Anti-authority
- Impulsiveness
- Invulnerability
- Macho
- Resignation
- "Get there-itis"
- Over-confidence
38
A crewmember who doesn't like people telling them what to do and is resentful of rules, regulations, and procedures displays which hazardous attitude?
Anti-authority
39
A crewmember who frequently feels the need to do something immediately without stopping to consider the consequences displays which hazardous attitude?
Impulsiveness
40
A crewmember who believes that accidents only happen to others and is more likely to take chances displays which hazardous attitude?
Invulnerability
41
A crewmember who tries to prove they are better than others and has a need for dominance or superiority displays which hazardous attitude?
Macho
42
You are a UH-60M pilot with 11 infantry soldiers in your aircraft. Your PC instructs you to perform a maneuver you have not been trained to do, and you choose to perform the maneuver anyway. What hazardous attitude most likely influenced your decision?
Resignation
43
You are a UH-60M pilot on a return flight to your home station after a two week field exercise. After encountering weather well below your minimums for VFR flight, you decide to continue because turning around would delay returning home. What hazardous attitude most likely influenced your decision?
Get there-itis
44
A crewmember who regularly relies on his reputation and past achievements to excuse his in-air decisions displays which hazardous attitude?
Over-confidence
45
"Manage and execute the mission workload in an effective and efficient manner with the redistribution of task responsibilities as the mission situation changes" describes which Aircrew Coordination Objective?
Establish and maintain workloads
46
Many Army aviation accidents and incidents occur during ________ (i.e., terrain flight, hover, approach, and landing).
Periods of high workloads
47
What are the three classifications of task priority?
- Critical
- Important
- Routine
48
What are some causes of high workload?
- Poor planning and rehearsal
- Unexpected events
- Weather and the environment
- ATC
- Cockpit design
- Mission complexity
- Crew endurance
49
What are some effects of a high workload?
- Difficulties in achieving good performance
- Difficulty with A/C control
- Uncertainty/indecision/discomfort
- Lose normal scan
- Temporal distortion
- Difficulty communicating
50
What are some effects of a low workload?
- Low awareness
- Inattention
- Drowsiness/boredom
- Complacency
51
What are some operationally-related distractions in the aircraft?
- Caution and warning lights
- Conflicting traffic
- Cockpit conversation or radio traffic
- Checklist
52
Financial, medical, and family problems, or strained relationships with supervisor/peers are examples of what kind of distractions?
Non-operationally related
53
What are the four ways to deal with distractions?
- Ignore
- Delay
- Delegate
- Handle
54
Malfunction, sudden loss of visual reference near the ground, IIMC, unusual environmental conditions, near mid-air collisions, short notice in-flight mission changes, and encounters with threat are types of what?
Unexpected events
55
What are the two ways to cope with unexpected events?
- Internal resources
- External resources
56
How does the PC utilize crewmembers during an emergency?
PC ensures that each crewmember is used effectively when responding to the emergency and that the workload is efficiently distributed
57
When should crewmembers direct or request assistance?
Before/when overloaded with tasks
58
"Establish intra-crew communications using effective patterns and techniques that allow for the flow of essential data between crewmembers" describes which Aircrew Coordination Objective?
Exchange mission information
59
Where can you find examples of standard aircrew coordination terminology?
ATM, Ch. 7
60
________ involves the sender offering information, the receiver acknowledging the information, and the sender confirming receipt of information based on the receiver's acknowledgment or action.
Positive communication
61
Noise, word usage, physical, mental, interpersonal, stress, fatigue, and emotion are examples of what?
Barriers to positive communication
62
The ________ sets the tone for the entire mission.
Crew briefing
63
What are the phases of aircrew communication?
- Pre-mission planning phase
- In-flight phase
- Post-mission phase
64
What is critical for effective communication in all phases?
- Inquiry and questioning
- Advocacy and assertion
65
In order to ________, crewmembers should
- Use clear terms and phrases
- Avoid using terms that have multiple meanings
- Avoid using indefinite modifiers
Be explicit
66
Stress, boredom, fatigue, and anger can compromise ________.
Situational awareness
67
What are some influences on situational awareness?
- Experience and Training
- Physical flying skills
- Spatial orientation
- Physical and emotional health
- Attitude
68
What are some problems related to situational awareness?
- Boredom
- Complacency
- Uncertainty
- Frustration
69
What are some techniques that crewmembers use to ensure that decisions and actions are communicated and acknowledged?
- Positive communication
- Standard terminology
- Nonverbal communication
- Accepted procedures/techniques
70
How do crewmembers indicate that they understood?
Verbally and non-verbally
71
When should crewmembers feel free to raise questions during the flight?
- Regarding plans
- Revisions to plans
- Actions to be taken
- Status of key mission information
72
Constructive skepticism is a key element of ________.
Inquiry
73
The PC encourages crewmembers to:
Raise issues or offer information about safety or the mission
74
"Cross-monitor each other’s actions and decisions to reduce the likelihood of errors impacting mission performance and safety" describes which Aircrew Coordination Objective?
Cross-monitor performance
75
What are the two types of incapacitation in the aircraft?
Subtle
Gross
76
How can aircrews recognize and break error chains as early as possible?
Cross-monitor performance:
- Key: recognition
- Solution: Aircrew coordination training
- Raise situational awareness level of all crew members to same level
77
What are the three techniques to break error chains?
1. Positive team building
2. Two-challenge rule
3. Detailed pre-mission planning and rehearsal
78
What does the two-challenge rule allow?
One crewmember to automatically assume the duties of another crewmember who fails to respond to two consecutive challenges
79
Define the basic quality: supported information and actions are offered by the crew
This quality addresses the extent to which crewmembers anticipate and offer supporting information and actions to the decision maker.
80
When should crewmembers offer assistance?
- When the P*demonstrates difficulty in A/C control or deviates from normal or expected actions
- Anytime information or assistance is requested
- Anytime a crewmember sees or recognizes anything that poses a hazard to flight
81
Although the P* is responsible for A/C control, the other crew members need to provide A/C control information regarding:
- Altitude
- Airspeed
- Heading
82
Hazard identification and avoidance is the responsibility of ________.
All crewmembers
83
How does the PC actively promote objectivity in the cockpit?
By encouraging other crewmembers to speak up despite their rank or experience.
84
________ is the obligation to speak out in support of a COA different than the one being planned or followed and is stronger than a recommendation.
Advocacy
85
________ is the forceful, non-threatening statement of a belief, feeling, position, or idea concerning a situation with which one is uncomfortable and states a position with some force of conviction.
Assertion
86
What is the importance of advocacy and assertion?
- Reduces frustration by allowing the free expression of ideas
- Introduces the decision maker to a wider range of options
- Prevents intimidation
- Builds team cohesion
1. Common Core/IERW
flashcards
Decks in class (18)
# Cards
-
GS Exam 1 (Aero Med)273
-
GS Exam 2 (Systems)96
-
Daily Questions (Fall 2025)372
-
P1 Exam 1 (Theory of Flight)186
-
P1 Checkride65
-
P2 Exam 1 (VFR Navigation)134
-
EPs & Limits79
-
P2 Checkride163
-
P2 Exam 2 (Instruments Part 1)154
-
BI Exam 1 (Instruments Part 2)265
-
BI/AI Checkrides258
-
BI Exam 2 (Instruments Part 3)317
-
AI Exam 1 (Aviation Weather)117
-
ACT-IQ86
-
Terrain Flight Operations95
-
BWS Academics42
-
Call For Fire70
-
BWS Checkride163
