define adaptation
characteristics that increase an organisms chance of survival and reproduction in its environment
state 3 types of adaptations
- anatomical
- behavioural
- physiological
define anatomical adaptation
physical features (internal/external)
define behavioural adaptations
the way an organism acts
- inherited or learned
define physiological adaptation
processes that take place inside an organism
give.4 examples of anatomical adaptations
- body covering - hair/scales/feathers/shells, can help fly/stay warm/provide protection
- camouflage - harder for predators to spot
- teeth - shape and type related to diet
- mimicry - allows harmless organisms to scare predators away by appearing poisonous/dangerous
give 4 examples of behavioural adaptations
- survival behaviors - opossum plays dead/rabit freezes
- courtship - scorpions “dance” to attract partner, increasing chance of reproducing
- migration - moving from one region to another when environmental conditions are more favorable
- hibernation - inactivity to reduce requirement for food during winter
give 3 examples of physiological adaptations
- poison production - to kill prey or protect themselves
- antibiotic production - some bacteria use antibodies to kill other species and outcompete them
- water holding - species of frog can store water in its body, allowing for longterm survival without access tow ater
define analogous structures
adapted to perform the same function but have different genetic origin
define convergent evolution
unrelated species begin to share similar traits
- due to organisms adapting to similar environments
compare the features of the marsupial mole and the placental mole
- resemble each other bc adapted to fill similar niches
- both embryos start life in uterus
- placental - placenta connects embryo to mother’s circulatory system in uterus, nourishing embryo and reaching high maturity before birth
- marsupial - embryo leaves and enters marsupium where they complete development with milk
