advan

Question 2

Define

temerity

(tuh-MER-ih-tee)

Used in contexts describing reckless boldness.

Answer 2

(n.) reckless boldness

Example: “She had the temerity to question the plan.”

Question 3

Explain

photosynthesis

In plants, how is light energy converted to chemical energy?

Focus on the role of chlorophyll and where the reactions occur.

Answer 3

Process by which chloroplasts convert light energy to chemical energy, producing glucose and O₂ from CO₂ and H₂O.
Light-dependent reactions occur in thylakoid membranes; Calvin cycle in the stroma.

Basic net equation: 6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂.

Question 4

State

Pythagorean theorem

Right triangle relationship among sides

Name the variables for legs and hypotenuse.

Answer 4

In a right triangle with legs a and b and hypotenuse c: a² + b² = c².

Attributed to Pythagoras; widely proved across many cultures.

Question 5

Identify

mitochondria

What is their primary cellular role?

Also note any unique DNA features.

Answer 5

Organelles that generate most ATP via aerobic respiration and regulate metabolic signaling.

Contain their own circular DNA and replicate independently of the nucleus.

Question 6

Define

opportunity cost

What do you give up when choosing one option over another?

Think in terms of the next-best alternative.

Answer 6

The value of the next-best alternative forgone when a choice is made.

Helpful check: “If I didn’t do X, what would I do instead—and how valuable is that?”