COM: BIOL 120 > AI > Flashcards

AI Flashcards

(53 cards)

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1
Q

What is the primary function of the integumentary system?

A

To protect the body from external damage and regulate body temperature.

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2
Q

True or False: The integumentary system includes the skin, hair, and nails.

A

True

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3
Q

Fill in the blank: The outermost layer of the skin is called the __________.

A

epidermis

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4
Q

What are the two main layers of the skin?

A

Epidermis and dermis

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5
Q

Which layer of the skin contains blood vessels and nerves?

A

Dermis

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6
Q

What pigment is responsible for skin color?

A

Melanin

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7
Q

Name the glands associated with the integumentary system.

A

Sebaceous glands and sweat glands

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8
Q

True or False: Hair is made of living cells.

A

False

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9
Q

What is the role of sweat glands in the integumentary system?

A

To regulate body temperature through perspiration.

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10
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the layer of fat below the dermis that helps insulate the body.

A

hypodermis

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11
Q

Which type of skin is characterized by a thicker epidermis and more sweat glands?

A

Thick skin

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12
Q

What is the main function of sebaceous glands?

A

To produce oil that lubricates the skin and hair.

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13
Q

True or False: Nails are made of keratin.

A

True

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14
Q

What is the term for the condition of excessive sweating?

A

Hyperhidrosis

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15
Q

List the four types of cells found in the epidermis.

A

Keratinocytes, melanocytes, Merkel cells, and Langerhans cells.

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16
Q

What is the function of Langerhans cells?

A

To act as immune cells within the skin.

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17
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the deepest layer of the epidermis where cell division occurs.

A

stratum basale

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18
Q

What is the primary role of melanocytes?

A

To produce melanin and protect against UV radiation.

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19
Q

True or False: The dermis contains hair follicles.

A

True

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20
Q

What are the two types of sweat glands?

A

Eccrine glands and apocrine glands.

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21
Q

What layer of the skin is primarily responsible for sensation?

A

Dermis

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22
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the visible part of the nail.

23
Q

What is the function of the arrector pili muscle?

Study These Flashcards
A

To cause hair to stand up when cold or frightened.

24
Q

True or False: The integumentary system plays a role in vitamin D synthesis.

25
What skin condition is characterized by the inflammation of the skin?
Dermatitis
26
What is the term for the loss of hair?
Alopecia
27
Fill in the blank: The __________ is responsible for the 'goosebumps' response.
arrector pili muscle
28
Define **joint**.
A connection between two bones that allows for movement.
29
What type of joint is a **hinge joint**?
A joint that allows movement in one plane, like a door.
30
True or false: **Ball-and-socket joints** allow for rotational movement.
TRUE ## Footnote Examples include the shoulder and hip joints.
31
Fill in the blank: **Synovial joints** are characterized by _______ fluid.
synovial
32
What is the function of **cartilage** in joints?
To reduce friction and absorb shock between bones.
33
Define **fibrous joint**.
A joint connected by dense connective tissue, allowing little to no movement.
34
What type of joint is found in the **skull**?
Fibrous joints, specifically sutures.
35
True or false: **Cartilaginous joints** allow for free movement.
FALSE ## Footnote Cartilaginous joints allow limited movement, such as in the spine.
36
What is the role of **ligaments** in joints?
To connect bones to other bones and stabilize the joint.
37
Fill in the blank: **Pivot joints** allow for _______ movement.
rotational
38
What is a **saddle joint**?
A joint that allows movement in two planes, like the thumb.
39
Define **synovial membrane**.
A tissue that lines the joint capsule and produces synovial fluid.
40
True or false: **Elbow joints** are classified as hinge joints.
TRUE ## Footnote The elbow allows flexion and extension.
41
What type of joint is a **condyloid joint**?
A joint allowing movement but not rotation, like the wrist.
42
Fill in the blank: **Articular cartilage** covers the _______ of bones in a joint.
ends
43
What is the purpose of **bursae** in joints?
To reduce friction between moving parts of the joint.
44
Define **joint capsule**.
A fibrous tissue that encloses the joint and provides stability.
45
True or false: **Knee joints** are classified as hinge joints.
TRUE ## Footnote The knee primarily allows flexion and extension.
46
What is a **dislocation**?
An injury where bones in a joint are forced out of their normal position.
47
Fill in the blank: **Menisci** are _______ in the knee joint.
cartilaginous structures
48
What is the main characteristic of **amphiarthroses** joints?
They allow slight movement between bones.
49
Define **diarthroses**.
Freely movable joints, such as synovial joints.
50
True or false: **Shoulder joints** are the most mobile joints in the body.
TRUE ## Footnote The shoulder allows a wide range of motion.
51
What is the main function of **synovial fluid**?
To lubricate joints and reduce friction.
52
Fill in the blank: **Shoulder joint** is an example of a _______ joint.
ball-and-socket
53
What type of joint is the **ankle joint**?
A hinge joint that allows up and down movement.
COM: BIOL 120
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