1
Q
- What is the code prefix for Private Pilot Airplane ACS elements?
A
PA (e.g. PA.I.A.K1)
2
Q
- What document superseded FAA-S-ACS-6B for Private Pilot Airplane?
A
FAA-S-ACS-6C (effective May 31 2024)
3
Q
- What are the three main categories of elements in the ACS?
A
Knowledge Elements (Know): Theoretical understanding of aeronautical subjects, including regulations, weather, and systems.
Risk Management Elements (Consider): The ability to identify, assess, and mitigate risks associated with specific flight tasks, such as Aeronautical Decision Making (ADM).
Skill Elements (Do): The physical manipulation of aircraft controls and execution of procedures and maneuvers to established standards
4
Q
- Front: PA.I.A.K1 - Eligibility requirements for Private Pilot certificate include minimum age of?
A
17 years old
5
Q
- PA.I.A.K2 - Aeronautical experience for Private Pilot Airplane single-engine land requires at least how many flight hours?
A
40 hours (20 dual 10 solo)
6
Q
- PA.I.B.K1 - What document certifies an aircraft’s airworthiness?
A
Airworthiness Certificate (standard or special)
7
Q
PA.I.B.K2 - How long is an aircraft registration valid?
A
3 years (renewable)
8
Q
- PA.I.C.K1 - Where can you find current weather information for flight planning?
A
Aviation Weather Center via METARs
9
Q
- PA.I.C.K2 - What does a METAR provide?
A
Surface weather observation (current conditions)
10
Q
- PA.I.C.K3 - What is a TAF? Back: Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (24-30 hour prediction)
A
Surface weather observation (current conditions)
11
Q
- PA.I.D.K1 - What is required in a VFR flight plan?
A
Aircraft type/ID departure/destination
12
Q
- PA.I.D.K2 - How long is a VFR flight plan active before search and rescue begins?
A
30 minutes after ETA
13
Q
- PA.I.E.K1 - Class B airspace requires what equipment?
A
Two-way radio transponder with Mode C
14
Q
- PA.I.E.K2 - What are the basic VFR weather minimums in Class G airspace below 1200 ft AGL during the day?
A
1 statute mile visibility
15
Q
- PA.I.F.K1 - What is density altitude?
A
Pressure altitude corrected for non-standard temperature
16
Q
PA.I.F.K2 - How does high density altitude affect aircraft performance?
A
Reduced power propeller efficiency
17
Q
- PA.I.G.K1 - What are the four-stroke cycles of a reciprocating engine?
A
Intake Compression power exhaust
18
Q
- PA.I.G.K2 - What does the mixture control do?
A
Controls fuel-to-air ratio for combustion
19
Q
- PA.I.H.K1 - What is spatial disorientation?
A
Conflict between sensory inputs and actual aircraft attitude/motion
20
Q
- PA.I.H.K2 - What is the most common cause of hypoxia in general aviation?
A
Insufficient oxygen at high altitudes
21
Q
- PA.II.A.K1 - What items are inspected during preflight assessment?
A
Aircraft Documentation (ARROW): Airworthiness certificate, Registration, Radio license (if required), Operating limitations, Weight and balance data. fuel
Structural Integrity: Inspection of the fuselage, wings, tail surfaces, and landing gear for damage, rivets, or leaks.
Engine & Propeller: Oil level (minimum 6 qt), fuel/oil leaks, propeller/spinner damage, air inlet obstructions.
Systems Check: Fuel contamination check (sumping), electrical/lighting, pitot-static system, and environmental controls.
Control Surfaces: Verification of free and correct movement of elevators, rudder, ailerons, and flaps.
Cockpit Items: Parking brake set, seat security, and removal of control locks/tie-downs.
22
Q
- PA.II.B.K1 - What is cockpit resource management (CRM)?
A
effective utilization of all available resources—including human resources, hardware, and information—to ensure safe and efficient flight operations. It focuses on enhancing communication, team coordination, situational awareness, and decision-making to mitigate human error.
23
Q
- PA.III.A.K1 - What does a flashing white light from tower mean to an aircraft on the ground?
A
Return to starting point on airport
24
Q
- PA.III.B.K1 - Standard traffic pattern direction at non-towered airports?
A
Left turns (unless otherwise indicated)
25
25. PA.IV.A.S1 - Normal takeoff climb airspeed tolerance?
Vy +10/-5 knots
26
26. PA.IV.B.S1 - Normal landing touchdown zone?
Within 400 feet beyond specified point (or first third)
27
27. PA.IV.C.S1 - Soft-field takeoff initial climb attitude?
Lift off at lowest possible airspeed ground effect until Vy
28
28. PA.IV.E.S1 - Short-field takeoff speed at 50 ft obstacle?
Vx +10/-5 knots until clear then Vy
29
29. PA.IV.F.S1 - Short-field landing touchdown tolerance?
Within 200 feet beyond specified point
30
30. PA.IV.N.K1 - When is a go-around/rejected landing appropriate?
Unstabilized approach runway incursion
31
31. PA.IV.N.R1 - Primary risk in delayed go-around?
The primary risk in a delayed go-around (PA.IV.N.R1) is a loss of aircraft control, specifically a power-on stall or spin entry resulting from excessive nose-up pitch and inadequate speed during the transition to a climb
32
32. PA.IV.N.S4 - Go-around initial pitch and speed?
Takeoff power climb pitch for Vx or Vy +10/-5 knots
33
33. PA.V.A.K1 - Purpose of steep turns?
Demonstrate aircraft control at higher load factors (typically 45° bank)
34
34. PA.V.A.S3 - Steep turn bank angle and tolerances?
45° ±5° altitude ±100 ft
35
35. PA.V.B.K1 - What is the objective of rectangular course?
Maintain ground track while compensating for wind drift
36
36. PA.V.C.K1 - S-turns across a road teach what?
Constant radius turns compensating for changing wind groundspeed
37
37. PA.V.D.K1 - Turns around a point objective?
Constant radius around ground reference with wind correction
38
38. PA.VI.A.K1 - Best glide speed is found where?
POH/AFM (emergency procedures section)
39
39. PA.VI.A.R1 - Risk if engine failure after takeoff?
Attempting 180° turn back to runway (impossible turn)
40
40. PA.VI.A.S1 - Emergency descent procedure?
Pitch for best glide or emergency descent speed configure as needed
41
41. PA.VII.A.K1 - Spin recovery steps (PARE acronym)?
Power idle Ailerons neutral
42
42. PA.VII.B.K1 - Power-on stall entry?
Transition from takeoff/departure attitude power 65-80%
43
43. PA.VII.B.S1 - Power-on stall altitude minimum?
No lower than
1500 ft AGL
44
44. PA.VII.C.K1 - Accelerated stall caused by?
Abrupt control input at maneuvering speed or higher load factor
45
45. PA.VIII.A.K1 - Lost procedures (5 Cs)?
Confess (admit you are lost), Conserve (fuel), Climb (for better visibility/radio range), Communicate (with ATC), and Comply (with instructions
46
46. Front: PA.VIII.B.K1 - What is VFR hemispheric rule cruising altitude?
Back: East (0°-179°): odd thousands +500 ft; West (180°-359°): even thousands +500 ft
47
47. Front: PA.IX.A.K1 - Night VFR required equipment (beyond day VFR)?
Back: Position lights
anti-collision
48
48. Front: PA.IX.B.K1 - What is the definition of night for logging?
Back: End of evening civil twilight to beginning of morning civil twilight
49
49. Front: PA.I.C.R1 - Key risk in weather interpretation?
Back: Misreading deteriorating conditions or getting trapped by IMC
50
50. Front: PA.I.E.R1 - Risk in Class B operations without clearance?
Back: airspace violation
potential conflict or enforcement action
51
51–100: To reach 100 without repetition
here are additional focused ones (continuing pattern):
52
51. Front: PA.I.F.R1 - Risk of weight and balance errors?
Back: CG out of limits → poor stability
stall/spin tendency
53
52. Front: PA.II.A.R1 - Risk if fuel contamination?
Back: Engine failure due to water/debris
54
53. Front: PA.II.C.S1 - Engine start hot start procedure?
Back: Mixture lean/cutoff
throttle cracked
55
54. Front: PA.III.A.R1 - Risk ignoring light gun signals?
Back: Runway incursion or conflict
56
55. Front: PA.IV.A.R1 - Risk during normal takeoff?
Back: Improper rotation
runway overrun
57
56. Front: PA.IV.B.R1 - Primary risk unstabilized approach?
Back: Long landing
runway overrun
58
57. Front: PA.V.A.R1 - Risk in steep turns?
Back: Overbanking
accelerated stall
59
58. Front: PA.V.B.R1 - Risk in rectangular course?
Back: Failure to divide attention
collision with terrain/obstacles
60
59. Front: PA.VI.A.R2 - Risk of low altitude maneuvering after engine failure?
Back: Stall/spin or CFIT
61
60. Front: PA.VII.A.R1 - Risk entering intentional spin?
Back: Failure to recover properly
altitude loss
62
61. Front: PA.VII.B.R1 - Risk during stall practice?
Back: Secondary stall
spin entry if uncoordinated
63
62. Front: PA.VIII.A.R1 - Risk of getting lost?
Back: Fuel exhaustion
continued VFR into IMC
64
63. Front: PA.IX.A.R1 - Risk of night flight without experience?
Back: Illusion
spatial disorientation
65
64. Front: What is VA?
Back: Maneuvering speed (no structural damage in turbulence/full controls)
66
65. Front: What is Vx?
Back: Best angle of climb speed
67
66. Front: What is Vy?
Back: Best rate of climb speed
68
67. Front: What is Vs0?
Back: Stall speed in landing configuration
69
68. Front: What is Vfe?
Back: Maximum flap extended speed
70
69. Front: PA.V.A.K2d - Load factor in 45° banked turn?
Back: Approximately 1.41 G (1/cos(bank angle))
71
70. Front: PA.I.G.K3 - What instrument indicates oil pressure?
Back: Oil pressure gauge
72
71. Front: PA.I.G.K4 - Alternator vs generator difference?
Back: Alternator produces AC then rectified
efficient at low RPM
73
72. Front: PA.II.F.K1 - Before takeoff check includes?
Back: Run-up
instruments
74
73. Front: PA.III.B.R1 - Risk in traffic pattern?
Back: Wake turbulence
mid-air collision
75
74. Front: PA.IV.K.R1 - Risk glassy water landing?
Back: Depth perception error
hard landing
76
75. Front: PA.V.C.R1 - Risk S-turns?
Back: Altitude/airspeed loss
uncoordinated flight
77
76. Front: PA.VI.B.K1 - Diversion to alternate airport requires?
Back: New heading
ETA
78
77. Front: PA.VII.C.R1 - Risk power-off 180° accuracy approach?
Back: Undershoot/overshoot
stall on base/final
79
78. Front: PA.VIII.B.R1 - Risk improper altitude in cruise?
Back: Traffic conflict or airspace violation
80
79. Front: PA.IX.B.R1 - Risk night illusions?
Back: Black-hole approach
somatogravic illusion
81
80. Front: What regulation requires seatbelts/shoulder harness?
Back: 14 CFR 91.107
82
81. Front: PA.I.B.K3 - Required documents on board (ARROW)?
Back: Airworthiness
Registration
83
82. Front: PA.I.C.K4 - What is a Convective SIGMET?
Back: Thunderstorms
embedded
84
83. Front: PA.I.E.K3 - Class D airspace ceiling typically?
Back: 2
500 ft AGL (surface to 2
85
84. Front: PA.I.F.K3 - Center of gravity forward effects?
Back: Increased stability
higher stall speed
86
85. Front: PA.I.H.K3 - IMSAFE checklist for pilots?
Back: Illness
Medication
87
86. Front: PA.II.A.S1 - Preflight fuel check?
Back: Visual quantity + sample for contamination
88
87. Front: PA.IV.N.S7 - Go-around climb speed?
Back: Vy +10/-5 knots
89
88. Front: PA.V.A.R5 - Risk uncoordinated steep turn?
Back: Skid or slip → spin entry
90
89. Front: PA.VII.B.K2 - Stall warning activates how many knots above stall?
Back: Typically 5–10 knots (per POH)
91
90. Front: PA.VIII.A.K2 - What frequency for emergency?
Back: 121.5 MHz (guard)
92
91. Front: PA.IX.A.K2 - Anti-collision lights required when?
Back: Sunset to sunrise (or visibility <3 SM)
93
92. Front: What is absolute ceiling?
Back: Altitude where climb rate = 0 (no excess power)
94
93. Front: PA.I.G.K5 - Carburetor icing symptoms?
Back: Loss of RPM/power
rough running
95
94. Front: PA.II.E.K1 - Taxiing on water (seaplane) key?
Back: Plow
idle
96
95. Front: PA.IV.G.K1 - Confined area takeoff (seaplane)?
Back: Maximum performance
clear obstacles
97
96. Front: PA.VI.A.S2 - Simulated engine failure actions?
Back: Pitch for best glide
select landing site
98
97. Front: PA.VII.A.K2 - Incipient spin characteristics?
Back: High angle of attack
yaw
99
98. Front: PA.VIII.B.K2 - What is magnetic variation?
Back: Difference between true and magnetic north
100
99. Front: PA.IX.B.K2 - Night takeoff/landing illusion?
Back: Narrow/tall runway illusion on approach
101
100. Front: Overall goal of the ACS?
Back: To integrate aeronautical knowledge
risk management
Private Pilot
flashcards
Decks in class (3)
# Cards
