Glucose in amniotic fluid:
Present
Protein in amniotic fluid:
Present
Urea in amniotic fluid.
30 mg/dl
Urea in maternal urine.
300 mg/dl
Defined as newborn’s first bowel movement, formed in intestine from fetal intestinal secretions and swallowed amniotic fluid.
Meconium
Normal volume range
800 - 1200 ml
Needle aspiration of fluid from amniotic sac.
Amniocentesis
Most commonly Rh-negative mothers.
[test for fetal distress]
HDN
Maternal antibodies cross the placenta and destroy fetal cells with the corresponding antigen.
[test for fetal distress]
HDN
Produced by the fetal liver prior to 18 weeks gestation.
[test for fetal distress]
Alpha - fetoprotein
Measure maternal blood first, then amniotic fluid.
Neural tube defects
Most common complication of early delivery is respiratory distress syndrome.
** most common cause of infant deaths
Fetal lang maturity
Considered the reference method.
Lecithin sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio
Lack of lung surfactant, which keeps the alveoli open during inhaling and exhaling
Fetal lung maturity
It the PRIMARY component of the LUNG SURFACTANTS; increased production occurs after the 35th week
Lecithin
It is produced at a constant rate after the 26th week and serves as a control for the rise in lecithin.
Sphingomyelin
Immunologic test defects.
Amniostat - FLM
It is an AGGLUTINATION TEST using antibody
specific for phosphatidyl glycerol that can replace the L/S ratio (no special equipment needed).
Amniostat - FLM
Performed at the bedside.
Foam stability
STORAGE FORM of lung surfactants produced and secreted by type II pneumocytes of the fetal lung.
Lamellar bodies
Bilirubin > .025
[significance]
HDN
AFP < 2.0 MoM
[significance]
Neural tube disorders
≥2.0
[L/S ratio]
Fetal lung maturity
Amniostat: POSITIVE
Fetal lung/ phosphatidyl glycerol
