Anatomy & Physiology

Question 1

anatomy

Answer 1

actual structure of body parts and how they’re formed and organized in the body

Question 2

physiology

Answer 2

how those structures and parts actually function within the human body

Question 3

anatomical position

Answer 3

body forward, arms at your sides, and palms facing up

Question 4

list body structure from smallest to largest starting with a cell

Answer 4

cells, tissues, organs, systems

Question 5

cells

Answer 5

smallest unit of life

Question 6

cell membrane

Answer 6

covers outside of cell

Question 7

cytoplasm

Answer 7

living material within the cell that’s located between cell membrane and nucleus

Question 8

nucleus

Answer 8

“brain” of the cell; contains DNA

Question 9

chromosomes

Answer 9

made of DNA; passed from parent cells to new cells

Question 10

DNA

Answer 10

(deoxyribonucleic acid) gives cells instructions and stores info.

Question 11

RNA

Answer 11

(ribonucleic acid) translates DNA into proteins that have various functions in the human body

Question 12

types of cells (5)

Answer 12

bone, muscle, blood, skin, nerve

Question 13

tissues

Answer 13

made of many cells

Question 14

connective tissue

Answer 14

holds the body together; assists in connecting, supporting, penetrating, and encasing various structures in the human body

Question 15

epithelial tissue

Answer 15

covers surfaces and lines cavities; major covering of the external surfaces of human body

Question 16

muscular tissue

Answer 16

allows body movement comprised of cells that contract

Question 17

nervous tissue

Answer 17

conducts nerve impulses that coordinate and control actions of the human body; can be found in nerves, the brain, and spinal cord

Question 18

organs

Answer 18

composed of two or more tissues that work together to perform special functions within the human body

Question 19

body systems (can you name all 11?)

Answer 19

group of organs that work together for a specific function within the human body

11 major systems= circulatory, digestive, endocrine, lymphatic, integumentary, muscular, nervous, reproductive, respiratory, skeletal, urinary

Question 20

circulatory system

Answer 20

the heart and blood

Question 21

integumentary system

Answer 21

skin, hair, sweat and sebaceous glands that work together to form protective coverings

Question 22

muscular system

Answer 22

muscle and skeletal system for movement, body framework, and organ support

Question 23

skeletal system

Answer 23

muscle and skeletal system for movement, body framework and organ support

Question 24

digestive system

Answer 24

transport food, absorbs nutrients, and excretes waste

Question 25

respiratory system

Answer 25

carries oxygen through body

Question 26

nervous system

Answer 26

brain & nervous system

Question 27

abdominal cavity

Answer 27

houses stomach, liver, kidneys, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, ureters, and intestines

Question 28

thoracic cavity

Answer 28

chest cavity; houses heart and lungs; surrounded and protected by ribs, sternum and vertebrae; also consists of aorta, esophagus, trachea and bronchi

Question 29

pelvic cavity

Answer 29

contains specific reproductive organs, urinary bladder, rectum, and portions of large intestine

Question 30

cranial cavity

Answer 30

brain, cranium / skull

Question 31

pleural cavity

Answer 31

space within pleura surrounding lungs

Question 32

spinal cavity

Answer 32

houses spine and is surrounded and protected by bones of spine (vertebrae [plu.])