1
Q
Anemia Causes
A
- blood loss
- impaired production
- increased destruction of RBCs
2
Q
Where is EP produced
A
kidneys
-liver
3
Q
RBC lifespan
A
120 days
4
Q
iron deficiency anemia
A
causes: •Inadequate dietary intake •Malabsorption •Blood loss •Hemolysis -can give PRBCs
5
Q
Megaloblastic Anemias
A
- large blood cells
- B12 deficiency
- folic acid deficiency
6
Q
Cobalamin Deficiency Causes
A
- IF absence
- GI surgery
- Long term use of H2 histamine receptor blockers (-tidine)
7
Q
Folic Acid Deficiency
A
- also a cause of magaloblastic anemia
- causes: poor nutrition, malabsorption, drugs
8
Q
Folic Acid Cobalamin Deficiency manifestations
A
Insidious onset
•Absence of neurologic problems
9
Q
Anemia of Chronic Disease
A
- low RBCs
- causes: end stage renal, liver disease, cancer, inflammation, endocrine
- high serum ferritin & iron stores
- treat underlying cause
10
Q
Aplastic Anemia
A
- body stops making RBCs
- acute/chronic
- cause: chromosomes, radiation, chemicals, infections
- T: erythropoietin, blood
11
Q
Acute Blood Loss Anemia
A
sudden hemorrhage
- concerns: hypovolemic shock, low plasma
- pain, numbness
12
Q
Chronic Blood Loss Anemia
A
causes:
- reduced iron stores
- bleeding ulcer
- hemorrhoids
- menstrual
13
Q
Sickle Cell Anemia
A
- recessive disorder
- abnormal hemoglobin
- asymptomatic
- fatal by middle age
14
Q
SCA Diagnosis
A
- peripheral blood smear
- sickling test
- electrophoresis of Hg
- skeletal xrays
- MRI
15
Q
Hemochromatosis
A
- recessive
- increased intestinal iron absorption
- goal: remove iron
16
Q
Polycythemia
A
- high RBCs
- R: reduce blood volume/viscosity & bone marrow activity
- phlebotomy
17
Q
Hemophilia
A
- intracranial hemorrhages
- nosebleed, bruises
- swollen joints
- avoid bleeding
18
Q
Procrit
A
synthetic EPO
- for anemia associated with renal failure and chemo
- SE: HTN, headache, nausea
