Anesthesia Part 2

Question 1

What should be reported before anesthesia?

Answer 1

History, PE, ASA Status, fasting status, report any abnormalities, adjust protocol as needed

Question 2

How long should an animal be fasted before anesthesia?

Answer 2

At least 8 hours; 12 hours is even better

Question 3

What is the purpose of laryngoscopes in intubation?

Answer 3

Used to visualize the larynx

Question 4

What are the two types of laryngoscope blades?

Answer 4

• Miller blades (straight)
• McIntosh blades (curved)

Question 5

What do supraglottic airway devices do?

Answer 5

Seal the laryngeal opening without entering the trachea

Question 6

What is the function of masks in anesthesia?

Answer 6

Smallest mask does not maintain open airway or allow for ventilation

Question 7

What is the function of chambers in anesthesia?

Answer 7

Allow for observation of stressed, feral animals

Question 8

What are the three main functions of endotracheal tubes?

Answer 8

• Maintain open airway
• Administration of Oxygen
• Ventilation

Question 9

What should be checked before placing an endotracheal tube in a patient?

Answer 9

Check cuff

Question 10

What is the proper length of an endotracheal tube?

Answer 10

From tip of nose to thoracic inlet

Question 11

What indicates proper placement of an endotracheal tube?

Answer 11

• Visualize ET tube in larynx
• Movement of reservoir bag
• Feel air movement at connector during exhalation
• Motion of unidirectional valves on anesthesia machine
• Patient should not vocalize

Question 12

What are common complications during intubation?

Answer 12

• Laryngospasm (cats, swine, small ruminants)
• Aspiration
• Tracheal irritation, trauma

Question 13

What are the three classifications of anesthetic agents?

Answer 13

• Route of Delivery
• Primary Use
• Drug Class

Question 14

What are the routes of delivery for anesthetic agents?

Answer 14

• Topical
• Oral
• Injectable
• Inhalant

Question 15

What is the primary use of tranquilizers and sedatives?

Answer 15

Remain conscious, provide restraint for minor procedures

Question 16

What do all tranquilizers and sedatives have in common?

Answer 16

All have Z in the name

Question 17

What is the #1 choice phenothiazine?

Answer 17

Acepromazine

Question 18

What are the effects of benzodiazepines?

Answer 18

• Reduce anxiety
• Sedation
• Anticonvulsants

Question 19

What are the adverse effects of alpha 2 adrenergic drugs?

Answer 19

• Hypotension
• Bradycardia
• Cardiac arrhythmia

Question 20

What is the purpose of yohimbine?

Answer 20

Reversal for xylazine

Question 21

What is neuroleptanalgesia?

Answer 21

Opioid combined with tranquilizer

Question 22

What is the main side effect of MU receptors?

Answer 22

Respiratory depression

Question 23

What is the best analgesic for pain relief?

Answer 23

Agonists for MU receptor activity

Question 24

What is the function of naloxone?

Answer 24

Antagonist used in drug overdose

Question 25

What is propofol used for?

Answer 25

Induce and maintain anesthesia

Question 26

What are the adverse effects of dissociatives?

Answer 26

* Seizures * Respiratory depression * Hypersalivation * Excessive tearing in horses

Question 27

What is the agent of choice for patients with severe heart disease?

Answer 27

Etomidate

Question 28

What is the significance of the blood gas partition coefficient?

Answer 28

Controls speed of induction, change in depth, and recovery

Question 29

What does MAC measure?

Answer 29

Amount of agent required to anesthetize 50% of the patient

Question 30

What are the two inhalant anesthetics mentioned?

Answer 30

* Sevoflurane * Isoflurane

Question 31

What is the primary characteristic of inhalant anesthetics?

Answer 31

No pain relief