animal evolution

Question 1

what 2 features determine animal clades?

Answer 1

1. adult body plan, 2. embryonic patterns

Question 2

What is the differentiating body plan features between land and water animals?

Answer 2

4 limbs

Question 3

The Cambrian explosion 540 million years ago refers to what happening?

Answer 3

Lots of fossils popping up ( but really there many living creatures before - they were just softer and didn’t fossilize)

Question 4

The earliest animals that didn’t fossilize were in what form?

Answer 4

single celled prokaryotic

Question 5

Were there also multicellular organisms before the Cambrian explosion?

Answer 5

yes, eggs, embryos

Question 6

Does a cladogram indicate a hypothesis of evolutionary patterns?

Answer 6

yes, shows an ORDER of evolution and specialization

Question 7

what are the 8 clades for invertebrates in order of evolution?

Answer 7

1. sponges (first), 2. cnids (radial and with tenticles), 3. arthopods, 4. round worm (mouth and anus), 5. tape worm, 6. Annelids segmented! 7. mollusks (organs)8. echinoderms (radial symmetry)

Question 8

Name 5 important adaptation in the evolution of invertebrates?

Answer 8

1. multi cellular, 2. complex tissues, 3. bilateral symmetry, 4. anus and mouth

Question 9

Modern chordate consist of how many groups and what are they?

Answer 9

6 groups (1 of which is an invertebrate group). 1. Invertebrates, 2. fish, 3. amphibians, 4. reptiles, 5. birds, 6. mammals.

Question 10

Most chordates are in which of the 6 groups?

Answer 10

fish

Question 11

what are 6 important evolutionary features in the chordate cladogram?

Answer 11

1. vertebrae, 2. jaws, 3. lungs, 4. bones, 5. amniotic egg, 6. 4 limbs

Question 12

Tunicates and lancelets have what evolutionary feature (or lack of this feature) in common?

Answer 12

their chordates with no back bone

Question 13

lampreys and hagfish have what in common?

Answer 13

Although these chordates have a back bone, they lack a jaw

Question 14

What do Chondrichthyes have in common from an evolutionary stand point?

Answer 14

Sharks. have jaws. but no bones (only cartilage)

Question 15

whats a tetrapod?

Answer 15

type of bony fish that would evolve into a creature with 4 limbs

Question 16

what are the 2 types of bony fish and what evolved from them?

Answer 16

1. ray-finned - modern fish

2. lobe finned - modern tetrapods - reptiles and amphibians

Question 17

What evolved from the reptiles?

Answer 17

dinosaurs and mammals

Question 18

what evolved from the dinosaur?

Answer 18

birds

Question 19

what 5 body plan features do birds share?

Answer 19

1. feathers, 2. wings, 3. light weight bones, 4. 2 scaly legs, 5. endoderms

Question 20

what 4 body plan features do mammals share?

Answer 20

1. mammary glands (for milk) 2. endotherms, 3. hair, 4. 4 chambered heart