Gross > Antebrachium > Flashcards

Antebrachium Flashcards

(51 cards)

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1
Q

What are the compartments of the antebrachium?

A

Anterior and posterior

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2
Q

What is the antebrachial fascia continuous with?

A

The brachial fascia

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3
Q

What type of joint is the interosseous membrane?

A

Syndesmoses (Long fibers)

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4
Q

Describe the difference between long fibers and short fibers in a syndesmoses

A

Longer fibers have greater flexibility than shorter fibers

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5
Q

What does the antibrachium have instead of medial intramuscular septum?

A

Interosseous membrane between the radius and the ulna

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6
Q

What is the purpose of the fascia retinaculum?

A

Hold down the long tendon during flexing so the muscles don’t bow string

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7
Q

What is the retinaculum?

A

It is extension of the fascia

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8
Q

What are the 2 retinaculums?

A
  • Flexor retinaculum

- Extensor retinaculum

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9
Q

What is the main movement of the radius and the ulna?

A

-Pronation and Supination

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10
Q

What are the 2 articulations of the radius and the ulna?

A
  • Head of the radius articulates with the radial notch of the ulna
  • Head of the ulna articulates with the ulnar notch of the radius
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11
Q

Where is the radial head located (proximal/distal)

A

Proximal

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12
Q

Where is the ulnar head located (proximal/distal)

A

Distal- near the styloid process of the ulna

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13
Q

Describe a dinner fork deformity

A
  • The distal radius is drivin posteriorly

- Commonly seen in Colles fracture

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14
Q

Describe Colles fracture

A
  • Occurs in the distal 2 cm of the radius
  • Usually occurs in older people
  • Occurs when you fall and your hand is out- causing an extension force
  • The distal part bends posteriorly and its usually communited fracture
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15
Q

Are the styloid processes of the radius and ulna proximal or distal?

A

Both are distal

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16
Q

What type of joint is the proximal radioulnar joint?

A

Synovial–> pivot

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17
Q

What articulates at the radioulnar joint?

A

The head of the radius and the radial notch on the ulna

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18
Q

What ligament holds the head of the radius on to the surface of the ulna?

A

The anular ligament

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19
Q

During supination and pronation, what bone stays steady and what bone moves?

A

The ulna stays steady

-The radius moves

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20
Q

Describe subluxation at the elbow

A

AKA nurse maids elbow

  • the radial head pulls out of between the anular ligament and the ulna and pinches the anular ligament
  • To fix you have to forcefully supinate/extend to cause the head to go back
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21
Q

How do the fibers of the interosseous membrane influence the movement of the radius and ulna?

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A

They are long so they permit more movement and this allows for supination and pronation

22
Q

Describe the distal radioulnar joint?

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A

Synovial–> Pivot Joint

23
Q

What 2 things articulate in the distal radioulnar joint?

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A

The head of the ulna and the ulnar notch of the radius

24
Q

What can you compare the distal radioulnar joint to?

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A

Tetherball- one end it stabilized and the other can move

25
What is the name of the articular disc of the radius and ulna?
The dorsal radioulnar ligament | -"Triangular Ligament"
26
What are the 2 ligaments at the distal radioulnar joint?
- Anterior Ligament | - Posterior Ligament
27
How many bones does the carpus consist of?
8 (Pisiform, Triquetrum, Lunate, Scaffoid, Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate)
28
Describe the radiocarpal joint
Synovial --> Condyloid
29
What movement does the radiocarpal joint allow?
-Flex/Ex/Ab/Ad/Circumduct
30
What are the 4 bones that participate in the radiocarpal joint?
Radius, Scaffoid, Lunate, and Triquetrum
31
Does the ulna play a role in the radiocarpal joint?
No!
32
What are the ligaments of the radiocarpal joint?
- Radial Collateral - Ulnar Collateral - Anterior Lig - Posterior Lig
33
What does the radial collateral ligament limit?
Adduction
34
What does the ulnar collateral ligament limit?
Abduction
35
What does the anterior ligament do?
Pulls the hand to follow in suppination
36
What does the posterior ligament do?
Allows the hand to follow in pronation
37
Characteristics of the Radial Artery
- Recurrent | - Continues as deep palmar arch (anastomoses across the wrist)
38
Characteristics of the Ulnar Artery
- Recurrents | - Continues as superficial palmar arch
39
Describe the common interosseous artery
- Supplies the deepest structures | - Has 3 parts
40
What are the 3 parts of the interosseous artery
- Anterior - Posterior - Recurrent
41
Describe the alan test
To check for perfusion across radial and ulnar arteries from the wrist
42
What are signs of a median nerve injury?
You cant flex your thumb and 1st and 2nd digits
43
What occurs at an ulnar nerve injury
The pinky and ring finger do not flex (stay straight) - can still flex the wrist - not a good grip
44
What make up the floor of the anatomical snuff box (4)
1. Scaphoid 2. Trapezium 3. Base of 1st metacarpal 4. Radial styloid
45
How do you tighten your anatomical snuff box?
Abduct the thumb and the tendons tighten
46
What does the roof of the anatomical snuff box consist of?
The radial artery and nerve
47
What happens if your scaphoid is fractured?
- Causes stiffness - May not show up for days, - Heals slowly and poorly because of poor blood flow
48
What does the musculocutaneous nerve innervate?
- Muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm | - Lateral skin over the lateral forearm (post Cubital fossa)
49
What does the median nerve travel to and from?
Runs lateral to the brachial artery | -At midarm- it crosses to the medial side of the artery
50
Where does the ulnar nerve travel to and from?
Runs medial into medial intermuscular septum and posterior to the medial epicondyle
51
What are the boundaries of the anatomical snuff box (3)
1. Extensor pollicis longus 2. Extensor pollicis brevis 3. Abductor pollicis longus
Gross
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