Gross > Neck Cont. > Flashcards

Neck Cont. Flashcards

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1
Q

What make up the floor of the lateral cervical region (5)

A
  • Levator Scapulae
  • Splenius Capitus
  • Posterior scalene
  • Middle Scalene
  • Omohyoid
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2
Q

This muscle is deep and posterior to the middle scalene and levator scapulae?

A

Posterior scalene

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3
Q

What 2 muscles does the brachial plexus emerge between?

A

Anterior and middle scalene

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4
Q

What causes the angle of the omohyoid muscle to change?

A

-Has an intermediate tendon that changes the angle of the muscle

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5
Q

What are the main arteries of the the lateral cervical region (4)

A
  • Transverse Cervical
  • Suprascapular
  • Occipital
  • Subclavian
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6
Q

What are the main veins of the lateral cervical region (3)

A
  • External jugular
  • Subclavian
  • Brachiocephalic
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7
Q

Where does the external jugular join the subclavian vein

A

Right next to where the internal jugular vein joins the subclavian vein (don’t think about this one too much silly)

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8
Q

Does the internal carotid artery have branches?

A

NOPE CON!

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9
Q

Does the external carotid have branches?

A

Yes

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10
Q

When is the brachiocephalic vein formed?

A

-Formed when the internal jugular vein and the subclavian vein meet

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11
Q

What is the brachiocephalic vein also called?

A

The venous angle (where the lump drainage dumps into)

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12
Q

What side of the brachiocephalic vein is longer and why?

A

The left side is longer because it has to go to the right side to the superior vena cava

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13
Q

What muscle does the transverse cervical artery supply?

A

Trapezius

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14
Q

What muscle does the Suprascapular artery supply?

A

Rotator cuff muscles

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15
Q

What are the main nerves of the lateral cervical region? (4)

A
  1. Spinal Accessory
  2. Roots of the brachial plexus (bc its supraclavicular)
  3. Suprascapular
  4. Erbs point nerves
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16
Q

Where does the spinal accessory nerve lie?

A

On tope of the Levator scapulae- it is the most vulnerable

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17
Q

What muscles are innervated by the spinal accessory nerve?

A
  • SCM

- Trapezius

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18
Q

Are the fibers of the spinal accessory nerve that innervate the trap and the SCM motor or sensory?

A

Motor

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19
Q

Does damage to the Accessory nerve in the trap damage the SCM muscle? Or vice versa

A

Nope- they are different branches because the trap is posterior and the SCM is anterior
-to damage both of the muscles you would have to have damage where the Accessory nerve originates

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20
Q

Where does the phrenic nerve lie?

A

Anterior and superficial to the anterior scalene

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21
Q

What does the phrenic nerve innervate?

A

The diaphragm

  • Both sensory and motor
  • Mostly motor
  • C3, 4, 5
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22
Q

Describe what the clinical signs would be if you had a rotator cuff injury?

A
  • Erb Dushain Paulsey
  • Upper Brachial Plexus injury
  • Problem abducting and laterally rotating the arm so your arm will be adducted and medially rotated
  • Major impairment is the initial abduction
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23
Q

What are the contents of the cervical plexus (5)

A
  • Lesser occipital n
  • Greater auricular n
  • Transverse Cervical n
  • Supraclavicular n
  • Phrenic n
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24
Q

What nerves of the cervical plexus are cutaneous nerves (4)

A
  • Lesser occipital
  • Greater auricular
  • Transverse cervical
  • Supraclavicular
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25
What nerve of the cervical plexus is motor?
Phrenic (it is actually both sensory and motor)
26
What region are all of the nerves found in?
The lateral cervical region
27
What are the components of the cervical plexus?
Anterior rami of C1-C5
28
Do posterior rami participate in plexuses?
NO CON WHY WOULD YOU EVEN THINK THAT?
29
Where does the ansa cervicalis lie?
On top of the carotid sheath
30
What is the big picture of the Erb's point nerves?
Cutaneous nerves of the cervical plexus that supply the head and neck
31
What are the divisions of the anterior cervical region (4)
- Submandibular - Carotid - Muscular - Submental (unpaired)
32
What muscles are part of the Submandibular triangle (3)
- Mylohyoid m - Hyoglossus m - Middle constrictor m
33
What glands and lymph nodes are in the submandibular triangle (2)
- Submandibular gland | - Submandibular lymph nodes
34
What nerve is in the submandibular triangle?
-Hypoglossal nerve
35
What are the arteries in the submandibular triangle (2)
- Facial Artery | - Submental Artery
36
Where does the facial artery lie?
Deep to the submandibular gland - goes alongside of the face and supplies the face with blood - it has elastic modification because of the extra stretch
37
Describe cervical lymphadenopathy
Swollen enlarged lymph nodes
38
Describe the hypoglossal nerve
- Motor to the tongue - Comes out lateral to the tongue - Between hyoglossus and mylohyoid
39
Where do the 2 mylohyoid muscles attach to eachother?
At the midline
40
What is the action of the mylohyoid?
-Depresses mandible against resistance
41
What is the action of the hyoglossus?
- Pulls the base of the tongue down for the food bolus | - Connects to the tongue
42
What are the contents of the carotid triangle (5)
- Common carotid artery (internal and external) - Internal jugular vein - Vegas nerve - Ansa cervicalis - Deep cervical lymph nodes
43
Why is the bifurcation of the common carotid artery a common place for stroke?
The bifurcation causes a change in the current and this damages endothelium
44
Describe the carotid sinus
- Near the bifurcation - Baroreceptor (pressure) - Senses oxygen - Autonomic NS
45
Describe the clinical significance of a carotid occlusion and endarterectomy
-Surgical procedure needed to reestablish flow after plaques
46
Where does the Vagus nerve travel?
- To the transverse colon - Parasympathetic fibers for peristalsis - Innervates smooth muscle
47
What are the contents of the muscular triangle (6)
Infrahyoid muscles... aka strap muscles - Omohyoid - Sternothyroid - Sternohyoid - Thyrohyoid Viscera - Thyroid Glands - Parathyroid Glands
48
What are contents of the submental triangle (2)
- Submental Lymph nodes | - Anterior jugular vein
49
What are the suprahyoid muscles (4)
- Mylohyoid - Geniohyoid - Stylohyoid - Digastric
50
What is the name of the fibrous band where mylohyoid muscles attach?
Median raphe
51
What are the terminal branches of the external carotid artery (2)
- Maxillary | - Superficial Temporal
52
What are the branches off of the external carotid artery (6)
- Ascending Pharyngeal - Occipital - Posterior Auricular - Superior thyroid - Lingual - Facial
53
What divides the 3 parts of the subclavian artery?
Anterior scalene
54
What are the largest branches of the subclavian artery (5)
- Vertebral - Internal Thoracic - Thyrocervical truck - Costoclavicular - Dorsal Scapular
55
What are the branches off of the Thyrocervical truck (3)
- Inferior thyroid - Suprascapular - Transverse cervical
56
What are the branches of the costocervical truck (2)
- Deep cervical | - Highest Intercostal
57
What are the veins of the neck (2)
``` Jugular veins -External -Internal -Anterior Brachiocephalic ```
58
Even though the face is superficial, where does the blood from the facial vein empty?
Internal jugular
59
What branches dump into the external jugular (2)
- Retromandibular branch | - Posterior auricular branch
60
T/F- The external jugular vein is superficial to the SCM?
True
61
Is the internal jugular vein superficial or deep to the SCM?
Deep
Gross
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