1
Q
Joints
(3)
A
Joints are classified on the basis of the uniting medium or intervening tissue between adjacent structures (bones). On this basis, can be grouped as:
- Fibrous joints
- Cartilaginous joints
- Synovial Joints
2
Q
Fibrous Joints
A
- The uniting medium is fibrous collagenous tissue
- Dependant on quantity of fibrous tissue present and to some extent location in the body, fibrous joints can be subclassified as:
- Sutures: these occur between the flat bones of the skull
- Syndesmoses: few good examples in the body
- Gomphosis: Joint between the root of a tooth and its alveolus (or socket)
3
Q
Cartilaginous Joints
A
- Uniting medium is cartilage
- 2 subgroups:
- Synchondroses
- Symphyses
4
Q
Synchondroses
A
- Formed of hyaline cartilage
- Occur for example b/w diaphyseal and epiphyseal centres of growing long bones
- also between the bones of the base of the skull
- In all cases the cartilage tends to be replaced by bone at some stage during life and the joints are, therefore, temporary structures
5
Q
Symphyses
A
- Formed of fibrocartilage
- tend to occur in midline of the body
- Include joints between the bodies of vertebrae and between the two halves of the pelvis –> the symphysis pelvis
- Permanent joints Throughout life
6
Q
Synovial Joints
A
- Bones are united by a synovial membrane which encloses a synovial cavity filled with a small quantity of synovial fluid
- Acts as lubricant betweent the opposing articular (synonym hyaline) cartilage surfaces at the extremities of the bones to facilitate free movement
- This is a functional characteristic of this group of joints
7
Q
Joint Capsule
(Synovial Joints)
A
- surrounds the synovial joint space
- by doing so is protective for the delicate structures within and may also play an important part in stabilisation of the joint
8
Q
Subdivisions of Synovial Joints
(6)
A
- Spheroidal (ball and socket)
- Plane
- Ellipsoid
- Ginglymus (hinge)
- Condylar
- Trochoid
