RULE: What is the “Golden Rule” for choosing Italian articles?
It depends on the starting sound of the very next word (whether it’s a noun or an adjective).
RULE: What are the masculine “Special Sounds”?
s + consonant (e.g., st, sp), z, gn, ps, y
THE: Masculine Singular before basic consonants (b, c, d, m…)?
IL (e.g., il libro)
THE: Masculine Singular before vowels (a, e, i, o, u)?
L’ (e.g., l’amico)
THE: Masculine Singular before “Special Sounds” (s+cons, z, gn…)?
LO (e.g., lo zaino, lo studente)
THE: Feminine Singular before any consonant?
LA (e.g., la casa)
THE: Feminine Singular before vowels?
L’ (e.g., l’amica)
THE: Masculine Plural for words starting with basic consonants (plural of IL)?
I (e.g., i libri)
THE: Masculine Plural for words starting with vowels OR special sounds (plural of L’ or LO)?
GLI (e.g., gli amici, gli zaini)
THE: Feminine Plural (for ALL feminine words)?
LE (e.g., le case, le amiche)
A/AN: Masculine before vowels OR basic consonants?
UN (e.g., un libro, un amico)
A/AN: Masculine before “Special Sounds” (s+cons, z, gn…)?
UNO (e.g., uno zaino, uno studente)
A/AN: Feminine before consonants?
UNA (e.g., una casa)
A/AN: Feminine before vowels?
UN’ (must have the apostrophe!) (e.g., un’isola)
___ libro (The - masc. sing.)
il
___ cane (The - masc. sing.)
il
___ amico (The - masc. sing.)
l’
___ uomo (The - masc. sing.)
l’
___ zaino (The - masc. sing.)
lo
___ studente (The - masc. sing.)
lo
___ zio (The - masc. sing.)
lo
___ casa (The - fem. sing.)
la
___ pizza (The - fem. sing.)
la
___ amica (The - fem. sing.)
l’