Atomic Structure - 3

Question 1

element

Answer 1

a substance that cannot be broken down into other substances

Question 2

atoms

Answer 2

the smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of an element

Question 3

six most common elements

Answer 3

HONC PS

Question 4

HONC PS

Answer 4

hydrogen
oxygen
nitrogen
carbon
phosphorus
sulfur

Question 5

atoms are made of subatomic particles called

Answer 5

protons
neutrons
electrons

Question 6

protons

Answer 6

• positive charge
• location: nucleus

Question 7

neutrons

Answer 7

• no charge
• location: nucleus

Question 8

electrons

Answer 8

• negative charge
• location: outside of the nucleus

Question 9

atomic mass

Answer 9

protons + neutrons

Question 10

atomic number

Answer 10

• located at the top of the element square
• number of protons in an atom

Question 11

how do you know the number of electrons in an element?

Answer 11

same as the number of protons

Question 12

electron shells

Answer 12

energy levels where electrons are found

Question 13

the electrons found on the outermost shell are called?

Answer 13

valance electrons

Question 14

what does the number of valence electrons determine?

Answer 14

how many bonds the atom can make and what types of compounds it will form

Question 15

Bohr Models

Answer 15

diagrams which show the arrangement of electrons around the nucleus

Question 16

how many valence electrons do you have to have?

Answer 16

8

Question 17

compound

Answer 17

• a substance that is made up of more than 1 element
• it can be broken down into its individual elements

Question 18

chemical bonds

Answer 18

• how compounds are formed
• the attraction between the outermost valence electrons in an atom that holds the atoms together in space

Question 19

the different types of bonds:

Answer 19

covalent, ionic, hydrogen bonds

Question 20

what determines the number of bonds atoms can make?

Answer 20

the number of electrons in the outermost shell

Question 21

how many bonds can molecules have?

Answer 21

single, double, and triple bonds

Question 22

Molecular formula

Answer 22

C3H8O

Question 23

structural formula

Answer 23

H - C - H - C

Question 24

Atoms are hoping to fill their outermost shell to get a complete octet or 8 electrons in their outermost shell

Answer 24

Ex. carbon has 4 valence electrons, in order to complete its outermost shell it needs 4 more electrons, so it can make four bonds to get them

Question 25

We cant make nay more than 4 bonds

Answer 25

the column it's in means how many bonds it needs. The valence shell tells you how many bonds to make by how many is missing.

Question 26

covalent bond

Answer 26

occurs when outer-shell electrons are shared between atoms - strong bond that's not easily broken

Question 27

ionic bond

Answer 27

when atoms give or lose an electron