How do we diagnose Chlamydophila psittacci?
isolation and identification
What elevations do we see on bloodwork with Chlamydophila psittaci?
bile acids, AST, LDH and uric acid are elevated*
What do we see grossly with Chlamydophila psittacci?
REPORTABLE
- serofibrinous polyserositis (airsacculitis, pericarditis, perihepatitis, peritonitis)
- pneumonia
- hepatomegaly, splenomegaly
- multifocal necrosis on liver and spleen
- green or yellow diarrhea/urates, conjunctivitis
How do we diagnose avian encephalomyelitis?
- serology
- histopathology (pancreas, duodenum, brain)
What gross lesions do we see with avian encephalomyelitis ?
- pale foci in the gizzard
- birds recover and get cataracts
How do we diagnose and treat avian mycobacteriosis?
histopathology
CULL!!
What do we see grossly with avian mycobacteriosis?
-granulomas in intestinal tract
-
Erysipelas
gram positve pleomorphic rods
- diffuse darkening of skin
- enlarged friable livers and spleens
tx: IM sodium penicillin
Newcastle Disease
Gross lesions: petechiae in the proventricular mucosa
- clonic spasms, coughing, sneezing, complete paralysis, torticollis, circling, paralyzed ings and legs
- diarrhea, neurological issues
REPORTABLE
infectious coryza
CHICKENS ONLY
acute resp disease with nasal discharge, sneezing, and SWELLING UNDER THE EYES, rales
Avibacterium paragallinarum
tx: erythromycin and oxytet in water
fowl cholera
Pasteurella multocida
- swollen footpads; fibrinosuppurative exudate
- hyperemia of duodenum on necropsy
- pneumonia in turkeys
Tx: sulfamethazine or sulfadimethoxine in feed or water; VACCINATE
Infectious bursal disease (gumboro)
CS: depression, watery diarrhea, ruffled feathers, deH20
- yellowish transudate in bursa and atrophy
- soiled vent feathers
Dx: RT-PCR, virus isolation
-no treatment
Giardiasis
CS: feather pulling, feces look like popcorn
Dx: zinc sulfate flotation test
what is another name for highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI)?
fowl plague
REPORTABLE
ZOONOTIC
What do we see with HPAI?
upper resp signs:
- cyanotic and edematous combs
- sinusitis, conjunctivitis
- dyspnea
neuro signs:
- droopy wings
- torticollis, paralysis, opisthotonus
How do you diagnose avian influenza?
Necropsy: edema and necrosis of visceral organs, skin, and CNS
REPORT OUTBREAK TO STATE VET
AGID and ELISA
- if + then virus isolation
Treating LPAI vs HPAI
LPAI: supportive care; broad spectrum abx (good px)
HPAI: cull infected flock (H5 and H7) (grave px)
What do we see with infectious bronchitis virus? 3Rs
ONLY IN CHICKENS
- respiratory: gasping, tracheal rales, epiphora, swollen sinuses, coughing, sneezing
- renal: ADULTS
- reproductive: dec egg production, wrinkled and abnormal eggs; egg yolk peritonitis 2 to ruptured follicles
Diagnosing infectious bronchitis virus
CORONAVIRUS
Necropsy: non hemorrhagic serous catarrhal or yellow caseous exudate
virus isolation: - hemagglutination reaction (AI and Newcastle are +)
serotype ID: RT-PCR
What do we see in chickens with infectious bronchitis virus with a secondary bacterial infection?
- airsacculitis: cloudy thickened caseous yellow exudate
- pericarditis
- perihepatitis
What is the most important vector for infectious bronchitis virus?
clinically recovered asymptomatic (carrier) birds
What are four reasons that infectious bronchitis virus is so difficult to control?
- multiple serotypes
- no cross reaction
- multiple serotypes in the same region
- highly contagious
Infectious Laryngotracheitis
REPORTABLE; herpesvirus
CS: coughing, dec egg production, conjunctivitis, periorbital swelling
Dx: PCR; AGID, ELISA; VACCINATE
3 systems for viscerotropic velogenic ND
- respiratory
- gasping, sneezing, facial edema - neurologic
- muscle tremors, droopy wings, torticollis, paralysis, circling - digestive
- violent watery green dx, ruffled feathers, thin eggs wih watery albumen (dec egg laying)
**hemorrhage and necrosis of lymphoid organs on necropsy
