How is feline asthma characterized?
-airway and mucus inflammation resulting in labored breathing and wheezing
What do we see with inflammatory cell infiltration into the bronchial mucosa and submucosa?
- damage, hypertrophy and/or metaplasia of the airway epithelium
- increase mucus production by goblet cells
- hypertrophy and spasm of bronchial smooth muscle
Airflow reduction occurs from:
- airway edema
- airway narrowing from cellular infiltrates
- airway smooth muscle constriction
What are the diagnostic tests of choice for feline asthma?
- thoracic radiographs
- bronchial pattern: train tracks and doughnuts with thickened bronchial walls - CBC
What are 8 clinical abnormalities seen with chronic renal insufficiency?
- dehydration
- metabolic acidosis
- hypokalemia
- uremia
- anorexia
- anemia
- hypertension
- calcium/phosphorous imbalance
How do we see dehydration in CRI?
polyuria –> renal hypoperfusion and renal azotemia
-supplement with saline or LRS
What is uremia? How do you treat it?
Inability to excrete metabolic byproducts lead to buildup of urea and other uremic toxins in the bloodstream
-treat with low protein diet and fluid diuresis
What are some additional therapies we can use for chronic CRI?
- phosphate binding agents
- oral supplementation of potassium
- ACE inhibitors and anti-hypertensives
- H2 blockers
- calcitriol
- recombinant human EPO
Cheyletiella
affects dogs, cats, rabbits and humans
-highly contagious; itching after addition of a new kitten t
-hypotrichosis, widespread miliary lesions, crusting lesion on pinnae
Dx: tape test
FIP: test with the highest NPV and highest PPV
highest NPV: Rivalta’s test
highest PPV: immunofluorescence staining for coronavirus in macrophages in effusion fluid
Which test do you use to reliably assess GFR?
serum creatinine
What percent of cats become carriers after being infected with feline herpesvirus?
80-100%
Do calcium oxalate stones form in acidic or alkaline urine?
acidic urine
Do struvites form in acidic or alkaline urine?
alkaline urine
Breed predilections for feline DCM
- Siamese
- Burmese
- Abysinnian
Prognosis of feline DCM
poor
Clinical signs of heartworm disease in cats
- vomiting, intermittent cough
- increased RR, sudden death
Cause of DM in cats
beta cells are destroyed or lost via deposition of amyloid in pancreatic islets
Diagnosing FeLV
- thx and abd rads for FeLV-associated lymphoma
- screen: serum ELISA
- confirm: IFA
Diagnosing FIV
- screen: serum ELISA
2. confirm: western blot (false + if vaccinated)
Diagnosing toxoplasma
IgG and IgM paired titers (4 fold incr 2-4wks apart)
pos IgG=previous exposure
IgM titers >1:64
What do we use to treat toxoplasma?
clindamycin
-sulfadiazine with pyrimethamine for 2 weeks
What type of insulin do you use with a cat that has DKA?
Glargine (long-acting) insulin
90% of cats with —- will have a positive FeLV test
spinal lymphoma
