What is a Storage Array?
Many hard drives installed inside of it, which they then create volumes. Volumes can divide data into different categories.
What is Bulk Storage?
Bulk storage is like a giant hard drive where you can upload almost any type of data. The data is accessed using an application service. There is no access to the underlying storage operating system. Examples of cloud bulk sotarge services include Dropbox, Google Drive, and Amazon S3.
What is Block Storage?
Block storage is like the storage used with a computer. The computer would see a volume where the operating system and applications can be installed.
Example, Amazon EBS is a block storage that attaches to an EC2 instance.
What does S3 stand for?
Simple Storage Service
What is S3?
Simplified Storage Service
Simplified Definition:
An online, bulk storage service you can access from almost any device.
AWS Definition:
Amzaon S3 has a simple web services interface that you can use to store and retrieve any amount of data, at any time, from anywhere on the web. It gives any user access to the same highly scalable, reliable, fast, inexpensive data storage infrastructure that Amazon uses to run its own global network of websites. The service aims to maximize benefits of scale and to pass those benefits on to users.
What is a Bucket?
Root-level “folders” created in S3.
What is a Folder?
Any “subfolder” you create in a bucket in S3.
What is an Object?
Files stored in a bucket or folder in S3.
What Region do you select when creating an S3 Bucket?
- When created a bucket, you must select a specifi region for it to exist in. This means any data you upload to the S3 bucket will be physically located in a data center in that region.
- Best practice is to select the region that is physically closest to you (to reduce transfer latency).
OR
- If you are serving files to a customer based in a certain area of the world, create the bucket in a region closest to your customers (to reduce latency for your customers).
S3 Bucket naming rules
- Bucket names must be unique across ALL of AWS
- Bucket names must be 3 to 63 characters in length.
- Bucket names can only contain lowercase letters, numbers, and hyphens.
- Bucket names must not be formated as an IP address (e.g. 192.168.5.4).
True or False: S3 sits within your VPC?
False. S3 sits outside of your VPC which is why all bucket names must be unique across all of AWS.
What are the 6 types of storage classes?
- Standard: frequently accessed
- Intelligent-Tiering: determines how you access data and moves to different classes accordingly.
- Standard-IA (Infrequent Access): Instant access, 3 availability zones (resiliance, ex. hurricane)
- One Zone-IA (infrequent Acess): Instance access, only one availability zone (NOT resiliant)
- Glacier: Long term archival. Several minutes to hours to access.
- Glacier Deep Archive: Retrieval time is 12 hours.
What are the traits of the Standard S3 storage class?
- Designed for general, all-purpose storage.
- The default storage option.
- 99.9999999% object durability (“11 nines”)
- 99.99% object availability
- The most expensive storage class.
What are the traits of the Standard - IA S3 storage class?
Standard IA (Infrequent Access)
- Designed for objects that you do not access frequently, but must be immediately avaialable when accessed (uses multiple Availability Zones).
- 99.99999999999% object durability (same as standard)
- 99.90% object availability (less than standard)
- Less expensive than the standard storage class.
What are the traits of the One Zone - IA S3 storage class?
One Zone - IA (Infrequent Access)
- Designed for objects that you do not access frequently, but must be immediately avaialable when accessed (only uses one Availability Zone).
- 99.99% object durability
- 99.50% object availability
- -20%less expensive than the Standard-IA storage class.
What are the traits of the Intelligent-Tiering S3 storage class?
- Designed to optimize costs by automatically moving data to the most cost-effective tier based on your usage.
- 99.999999999% object durability (“11 nines”)
- 99.90% object availability
- Pricing depends on the assigned storage class.
What are the traits of the Glacier/Glacier Deep Archive S3 storage classes?
- Designed for long-term archival storage
- May take several hours for objects stored in Glacier to be retrieved.
- 99.9999999999% object durability.
- The cheapest S3 storage class (very low cost)
- Glacier Deep Archive has a longer default minimum storage duration and a longer default retrieval time than Glacier.
What is Object Durability?
The percet over a one-year period that a file stored in S3 will NOT be lost.
99.99999999999% means there is a 0.0000000001% chance of a file in S3 being lost in a year.
OR
if you have 10,000 files stored in S3, then you can expect to lose one file in 10 million years.
What is Object Availability?
The percetn over a one-year period that a file stored in S3 will be accessible.
For object availability of 99.99%, that means there is a 0.01% chance you won’t be able to access a file stored in S3 in a year.
OR
For every 10,000 hours, you can expect a total of one hour for which a file may not be available to access.
What is Object Sharing?
The ability to make any object publicly available via a URL link.
What is Object Lifecycles?
Set rules to automatically transfer objects between storage classes at defined time intervals.
ex. In standard storage class bucket for 45 days, then move to One Zone-IA.
What is Object Versioning?
Automatically keep multiple versions of an object (when enabled).
What are the 6 benefits of S3?
- Durable, reliable, scalable.
- Security (offers three different kinds of encryption)
- Integrates with almost all other AWS services
- Can run big data analytics on objects directly in S3.
- Easy to get data in and out of S3
- Robust admin and access management options available
What is Storage Gateway?
Simplified Definition:
A way to integrate your existing application services with AWS cloud storage services without fully migrating to the AWS cloud. APplications connect ot the AWS cloud using a virtual server or hardware device using common storage protogcols. Data can be backed up to the AWS cloud, or the data may be moved ot the AWS cloud and cached locally at your data center. All data that is transferred suing Storage Gateway is optimized for fast and efficient transfers.
AWS Definition:
AWS Storage Gateway is a hybrid storage service that enables your on-premises applications to seamlessly use AWS cloud storage. You can use the service for backup and archiving, disaster recovery, cloud data processing, storage tiering, and migration. The service helps you reduce and simplify your data center and branch or remote office storage infrastructure. Your applications connect to the service through a virtual machine or hardware gateway appliance using standard storage protocols, such as NFS, SMB, and iSCSI. The gateway connect sto AWS storage services, such as Amazon S3, Glacier, Glacier Deep Archive, EBS, and AWS Backup, providing storage for files, volumes, snapshots, and virtual tapes in AWS. The service inclues a highly optimized data transfer mechanism, with bandwidth managemen t, automated network resilience, and efficient data transfer, along with local cahce for low latency on-premises access to your most active data.
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Section 129
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IAM: Identity and Access Management15
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VPC - Virtual Private Cloud18
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EC2: Elastic Compute Cloud32
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AWS Storage28
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Elasticity and Scaling EC210
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Content Delivery and Domain Name System (DNS)11
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Monitoring, Logging, and Notifications3
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Notification Services15
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Relational Database Services (RDS) and Dynamo DB9
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ElastiCache and Redshift12
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Lambda3
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Security & Compliance15
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Other AWS Services8
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AWS Billing and Support Services4
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Random from Practice Exams39
