Section 1

Question 1

Traditional Client-Server Architecture

Answer 1

Server to Client - 1:1 relationship

Question 2

Typical Components to Support an Application?

Answer 2

1. Compute
2. Storage
3. Network
4. Database

Question 3

Compute

Answer 3

Brains (CPU) + Memory (RAM)

Question 4

Database

Answer 4

An application that stores data in a standard way & is easily retrievable.

Question 5

Server Sprawl

Answer 5

Unchecked data center growth

Question 6

Challenges of Traditional Client-Server Architecture?

Answer 6

1. Cost Control
2. Distributed Workforce
3. Slow Provisioning (time to test, prepare, & provision servers & applications can be slow)

Question 7

Data Center Challenges?

Answer 7

1. Sprawl/Space
2. Power
3. Cooling

Question 8

What is Cloud Service?

Answer 8

Hardware and/or application services provided over the internet. Provide resources (i.e. compute, network, storage, and database) as a service so that customers do not have to incur the cost of acquairing and managing the required components.

Question 9

Three types of Cloud Computing Services?

Answer 9

1. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
2. Platform as a Service (PaaS)
3. Software as a Service (SaaS)

Question 10

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)?

Answer 10

Part or all of an infrastructure platform provided by a 3rd party.

You Manage:

• Applications
• Data
• Runtime
• Middleware
• O/S

3rd Party Manages:

• Virtualization
• Servers
• Storage
• Networking

Question 11

Platform as a Service (Paas)?

Answer 11

Entire infrastructure and operating system provided by a 3rd party.

You Manage:

• Applications
• Data

3rd Party Manages:

• Runtime
• Middleware
• O/S
• Virtualization
• Servers
• Storage
• Networking

Question 12

Software as a Service (SaaS)?

Answer 12

Entire infrasturcutre, operating system, and software provided by a third party.

You Manage:
- Nothing

3rd Party Manages:

• Applications
• Data
• Runtime
• Middleware
• O/S
• Virtualization
• Servers
• Storage
• Networking

Question 13

Three types of Clouds?

Answer 13

1. Private Cloud
2. Hybrid Cloud
3. Public Cloud

Question 14

Charictaristics of a Private Cloud?

Answer 14

• On-Premises
• Fully customizable
• Higher security
• Capital costs
• High overhead
• Lack of elasticity
• Potential latency

Question 15

Characteristics of a Hybrid Cloud?

Answer 15

• Combination of public and private cloud
• Often used as a transation to a public cloud
• Sometimes used for backup/DR
• Adds flexibility and scalability
• Streamlined application accessibility for remote workers.

Question 16

Characteristics of a Public Cloud?

Answer 16

• Cloud/AWS
• No capital costs
• Pay as you go
• Low Overhead
• Infinite Scalability
• Elasticity
• Some restrictions
• Governance challenges
• Faster and simplified deployments

Question 17

8 Services Provided by AWS?

Answer 17

1. Storage
2. Compute
3. Databases
4. Analytics
5. Security
6. Virtualization
7. Developer Tools
8. Networking

Question 18

Scalable

Answer 18

The ability to easily grow in size, capacity, and/or scope when required (usually based on demand).

Question 19

Elastic

Answer 19

The ability to not only grow (scale) when required but also reduce in size when required.

Question 20

Fault Tolerant

Answer 20

The ability to withstand a certain amount of failure and still remain functional (and/or be self-healing and return to full capacity). When an environment is fault tolerant, it is able to withstand the loss of a component within the infrastructure while remaining functional.

Ex: 1 Router with 2 Ports

Question 21

Highly Available

Answer 21

The concept of something being accessible when you attempt to access it (and/or the ability to access something via multiple platforms). Highly available systems are able to stay operational during maintenance and system failures.

Ex: 2 Routers

Question 22

Five Primary Benefits of Cloud/AWS?

Answer 22

1. Ease of Use
2. Flexibility
3. Cost-Effectiveness
4. Scalability & Elasticity
5. High Availability and Fault Tolerance

Question 23

Three Components of the AWS Global Infrastructure and key points?

Answer 23

1. Regions - currently 21
2. Availability Zones - currenlty 64
3. AWS Data Centers located withing Availability Zones

Key Points:

• Provision resources closest to the people that will use them.
• Multiple Availability Zones and regions means that AWS infrastructure is fault tolerant
• Expands high availability beyond a single geographical area
• Applications may be configured for high availability by provisioning them in multiple regions for failover/disaster recovery.

Question 24

Availability Zones

Answer 24

Availability Zones (within a region) work together to make up a collection of your AWS resources. Properly designed applications will utilize multiple AZs fo high availability and fault tolerance. AZs have direct low latencey connections between each other, and each AZ is isolated from the others to ensure fault tolerance.

Question 25

Data Center

Answer 25

Located in each Availability Zone is one or more AWS data centers, which contain the physical servers that run AWS resources.

Question 26

First thing you do to set up your AWS Cloud?

Answer 26

Set up your Network (i.e. Virtual Private Cloud). Two networking services offered by AWS: 1. Direct Connect: connect your private corporate network (ex. data center) to AWS 2. Route 53: DNS (Domain Name Services) that tells your computer where an address is located (ex. Facebook).

Question 27

Second thing you do to set up your AWS Cloud?

Answer 27

Set up your Compute (brains). Two compute services offered by AWS: 1. EC2: virtual server (instances) 2. Lambda: serverless; just manage code.

Question 28

Third thing you do to set up your AWS Cloud?

Answer 28

Set up your Storage. Two storage services offered by AWS: 1. S3: Bulck upload (similar to dropbox) 2. Glacier: Long term storage (don't access frequently)

Question 29

Three main things clouds are made of?

Answer 29

1. Networking 2. Compute 3. Storage