B2 cells

Question 1

what are living organisms made of

Answer 1

cells

Question 2

what structures do both plant and animal cells have

Answer 2

• nucleus
• cytoplasm
• cell membrane
• ribosomes
• mitochondria

Question 3

what structures are unique to plant cells

Answer 3

• cell wall
• chloroplasts
• large permanent vacuole

Question 4

function of nucleus

Answer 4

• contains cell’s DNA (genetic code)
• controls activities of cell
• controls cell division

Question 5

function of cell wall

Answer 5

• provide shape & support to cell
• prevent cell from bursting when it absorbs water

Question 6

function of cytoplasm

Answer 6

site of many chemical reactions that take place in cell

Question 7

function of chloroplasts

Answer 7

• site of photosynthesis in cell
• may contain starch grains that act as food stores

Question 8

function of vacuoles

Answer 8

• help cell stay rigid
• some substances can be stored in them

Question 9

function of cell membrane

Answer 9

• control mvmt of substances in/out of cell
• partially permeable membrane allow some molecules to pass thru, while others cant

Question 10

function of ribosomes

Answer 10

• site of protein synthesis

Question 11

what do ribosomes look like in a cell

Answer 11

little dark dots

Question 12

function of mitochondria

Answer 12

• site of aerobic respiration
• useful energy released when glucose broken down in presence of o2

Question 13

how to see ribosomes?

Answer 13

• only electron microscope
• cannot see with light microscope

Question 14

what microscope to use when observing mitochondria

Answer 14

• can see with light microscope
• complex structure only seen under electron microscope

Question 15

what microscope to use when observing chloroplasts

Answer 15

• can see with light microscope
• complex structure only seen under electron microscope

Question 16

structures in bacterial cell

Answer 16

• cell wall
• cell membrane
• cytoplasm
• ribosomes
• circular DNA
• plasmids

Question 17

function of circular DNA (bacterial)

Answer 17

contains genetic material

Question 18

function of plasmids

Answer 18

• small loops of DNA
• contains few genes that can be transferred to other bacteria

Question 19

how are new cells produced

Answer 19

division of existing cells

Question 20

function of ciliated cells

Answer 20

mvmt of mucus in trachea and bronchi

Question 21

function of root hair cells

Answer 21

absorption

Question 22

function of palisade mesophyll cells

Answer 22

photosynthesis

Question 23

function of neurones

Answer 23

conduction of electrical impulses

Question 24

function of red blood cells

Answer 24

transport of oxygen

Question 25

function of sperm and egg cells

Answer 25

reproduction

Question 26

define tissues

Answer 26

- group of cells with similar structures - work tg to carry out shared function

Question 27

define organs

Answer 27

- group of tissues - work together to carry out specific functions

Question 28

define organ systems

Answer 28

- group of organs with related functions - work tg to carry out body functions

Question 29

what is formula for magnification

Answer 29

magnification = image size / actual size

Question 30

how to convert between mm and μm

Answer 30

1mm = 1000μm