Unicellular, has no nucleus, most have peptidoglycan cell wall, divides by binary fission.
Bacteria
consisting of a cell wall and an underlying
cytoplasmic membrane.
Cell Envelope
Provides protection and resistance to lysis by osmotic shock.
Imparts shape to most bacterial cells.
Cell Wall
Bacterial enzymes that degrade peptidoglycan, a key component of the cell wall, to facilitate cell division and turnover.
Autolysins
The physical and metabolic barrier between the interior and exterior of the bacterial cell.
It is where the bacterial electron transport system, the principal energy system is located.
Cytoplasmic membrane
Viscous aqueous suspension of protein, nucleic acid, dissolved organic compounds, mineral salts.
Cytoplasm
It is a small, self-replicating portion of DNA that persists as extrachromosomal element, which is also circular but much smaller than the bacterial chromosomes.
Plasmid encodes variable numbers of genes and often determines virulent behavior.
Involves in horizontal gene transfer.
Plasmid
Bacterial chromosomes.
It is a lipoprotein molecule that contains the genetic code or DNA.
Nucleoid
They are complex globular structures composed of several RNA molecules and many associated proteins.
They are the centers for protein synthesis.
Ribosomes
They are long filamentous appendages that arise from one or more locations on the surface of the cell and are used for cellular locomotion.
Flagella
It is a gelatinous substance made up of
polysaccharide and/or polypeptide.
It protects the bacteria from phagocytosis.
It also enables the bacteria to adhere to surfaces.
Capsule (Glycocalyx)
Hair-like structure surrounding the cell.
They are protein fibers that cover the entire surface of bacteria.
Pili
Composed of a single protein that forms a helical filament. Used for adherence to mucosal surfaces.
Common Pili
They are specifically involved in bacterial
conjugation.
Sex Pili
They are also known as volutin granules.
They are reserve of inorganic phosphate that can be used in the synthesis of ATP.
Metachromatic Granules
major structural component of bacterial cell wall
Peptidoglycan
method of bacterial reproduction
binary fission
bacterial chromosome containing genetic code
genome
loose form of capsule
glycocalyx
short pili used for adhesion
fimbriae
reserves of inorganic phosphate for ATP synthesis
metachromatic granules
dormant resistant structures for survival in harsh conditions
endospores
time required for bacterial cell to divide into two
generation time
rod-shaped bacteria
bacillus
