Basidiomycetes

Question 1

What are the 3 subphyla of basidiomycota

Answer 1

• Agaricomycotina
• Usilaginomycotina
• Pucciniomycotina

Question 2

What are the Agaricomycotina

Answer 2

-Mushrooms, puffballs, shelf fungi, jelly fungi
-20k described species
-68% of all -Basidiomycetes
oldest fossil evidence ~290 mya
-Basidia produced on non-gilled hymenium

Question 3

Important functions of basidiomycota

Answer 3

• mycorrhizal associations
• decompose lignin
• edible
• decay wood and structures
• used in paper and pulp manufactoring

Question 4

Dolipore septa

Answer 4

• Basidiomycota only

- septal pore caps (parenthosomes)

Question 5

Clamp connections

Answer 5

• believed to keep the n+n connection

- only in basidiomycota

Question 6

Basidiomycota hymenium

Answer 6

• basidia
• basidioles
• cystidia

Question 7

What are the prongs on a basidium?

Answer 7

sterigmata

-holds the basidiospore

Question 8

Tertiary mycelium

Answer 8

• generative hyphae (thin walled)
• skeletal hyphae (thick walled, unbranched)
• binding hyphae (highly branched, thick walled)

Question 9

what is the hymenophore

Answer 9

-tissue bearing hymeium

Question 10

Hymenium on poylpores

Answer 10

-lines pores or tubes

Question 11

Hymenium on chanterelles

Answer 11

-on gill-like folds

Question 12

Hymenium on toothed fungi

Answer 12

-on small spines

Question 13

Hymenium on coral fungi

Answer 13

-erect basidiocarps, hymenium covering surfaces

Question 14

Basdiocarp compostion

Answer 14

• monomitic (generative hyphae only)
• Dimitic (generative hyphae and skeletal/binding hyphae)
• Trimitic (generative and skeletal and binding)

Question 15

Polyporales

Answer 15

• poroid hymenium
• basidiocarps variable
• saprotrophic, decay large woody substrate
• annual and perennial basidiocarps
• polyporus, fomitopsis, ganoderma, laetiporus, phaeolus, trametes

Question 16

Cantharellales

Answer 16

• terrestrial/mycorrhizal

- annual, monomitic, or funnel shaped basidiocarps with gill like hymenium

Question 17

Hymenochaetales

Answer 17

• most are saprotrophs on wood
• most have dark, thick-walled setae, simple septa
• annual and perennial fruiting bodies

Question 18

Gomphales

Answer 18

-wide range of fruiting bodies including coral, gilled and toothed shrooms and false truffles

Question 19

Coral fungi

Answer 19

-terrestrial, or growing on wood, saprotrophics, mycorrhizal

Question 20

What are the Ustiaginomycotina

Answer 20

-smut fungi and allies

Question 21

What are the Pucciniomycotina

Answer 21

-rust fungi and allies

Question 22

What are the three kinds of mycelium?

Answer 22

Primary (monokaryon) - short-lived
Secondary (dikaryon) - long-lived (clamp connections)
Tertiary - fruiting body (organized, specialized tissue that make up basidiocarp)

Question 23

what are septa

Answer 23

-internal walles between each segment