What does the acronym TNM stand for?
T - Tumor
N - Nodes (lymph)
M - metastasis
What does NICE stand for?
National institute clinical excellence
Why are nice guidelines important?
standardised care
Evidence based practice
Aids clinical decision making
Reference tool for healthcare professionals and patients
What are the principles of healthy conversations?
- Active listening
- Empathy
- Signposting
- Motivation
How to engage with conversation?
+ Encourage open-ended questions – encouraging detailed responses
+ Reflective listening – confirm understanding and show empathy
+ Goal setting – help patients to set achievable health goals
What is involved in effective signposting?
- Accurate
- Current
- Contact details
- relevant info
- Accessible (eg online vs paper)
what are the 5 steps to wellbeing?
- social connectivity
- Physical activity
- Reflection
- Learning
- Giving
What is the definition of Safeguarding?
Protecting the health, wellbeing and human rights of individuals, particularly vulnerable adults and children, to ensure they live free from harm, abuse and neglect
What are 3 of the principles of safeguarding?
prevention, protection and empowerment
what are the 7 golden rules of Safeguarding?
- Remember that GDPR and human rights laws are NOT barriers to information share
- Be open about why, what, how and with whom information will shared with
- Seek information from the safeguarding leads
- Consent
- Safety and well-being
- Ensure info is recorded accurately
- record who the info is shared with
What imaging is needed for this clinical presentation?
80-year-old woman with known lung cancer has presented with new onset back and neck pain with associated numbness in both legs:
CT Staging scan, CT Trauma series, MRI Lumbar Spine, MRI Whole Spine, X-ray Lumbar Spine
MRI whole spine
Under which government legislation are we obliged to act if we suspect safeguarding issues?
Huma rights act
What is the normal INR?
not on anticoags : 1.0
On anticoags : 2-3
What is affected by a global hypoxic injury?
Mostly it involves the cortex fairly diffusely along with the deep grey matter structures, particularly the basal ganglia, however, many other patterns are observed for example:
- cortical and deep grey matter
- perirolandic cortex (primary motor/sensory) and medial occipital lobes (primary visual cortex)
- isolated basal ganglia
- watershed distribution
- diffuse white matter
- cerebellum
What does DOLS stand for?
Deprivation of Liberty Safeguards
What is a DOLs?
A procedure when it is necessary to deprive a resident or patient who lacks capacity to consent to their care and treatment in order to keep them safe from harm.
The (DoLS) only applies to people in a care home or hospital. This includes where there are plans to move a person to a care home or hospital. .
Who is the managing authority for a DOLs?
the care home or hospital is called the managing authority
What is a normal RBC?
4.7 - 6.1
What is a normal WBC?
5000 - 10000
What is a normal platelet count?
150,000 - 400,000
What does MECC stand for?
Make every contact count
