Force must be hostile?
Everyday jostlings will not be unlawful (implied consent)
- Wilson v Pringle
Actus Reus
Application of unlawful force
What does r v Thomas show
That the lightest touch is enough
Force used can be applied via a continuing act
Fagan v mpc
Force can be applied indirectly
DPP v Khan
Applied by an omission
R v Santana burmudez
Men’s rea
Intend to apply unlawful force or to be reckless about applying unlawful force
Intention or recklessness.