BEH1 - Learning Theory

Question 1

what are the fallacies of learning

Answer 1

animals …
1. do not reason
2. do not act out of spite
3. do not feel guilt or remorse
4. are not jealous
5. do not get bored

Question 2

define habituation

Answer 2

the repeat exposure to a stimulus where an animal is taught not to fear said stimulus

Question 3

define spontaneous recovery

Answer 3

when a stimulus the animal habituated to has not been presented for a long time and upon re-presentation, animals shows reaction

Question 4

define flooding

Answer 4

prolonged exposure to full intensity fear-evoking stimulus where the animal is prevented from leaving until relaxed

Question 5

define sensitization

Answer 5

during flooding, stimulus is removed too early thus rewarding a fear response

Question 6

define desensitization

Answer 6

increased intensity of stimulus in small steps

Question 7

Describe classical conditioning

Answer 7

form associations between stimuli

Question 8

describe operant conditioning

Answer 8

form associations between stimuli and responses

Question 9

T/F: sometimes classical conditioning only takes one exposure

Answer 9

TRUE

Question 10

positive reinforcement

Answer 10

Stimuli added for desired behavior

Question 11

negative reinforcement

Answer 11

stimuli removed for desired behavior

Question 12

positive punishment

Answer 12

stimuli added for undesired response

Question 13

negative punishment

Answer 13

removal of stimuli for undesired response

Question 14

primary reinforcer

Answer 14

something innately understood to animal

Question 15

secondary reinforcer

Answer 15

has assigned meaning

Question 16

define prompt

Answer 16

humane way to induce behavior

Question 17

define fade

Answer 17

removing or phasing out prompt

Question 18

define capturing

Answer 18

rewarding spontaneous behavior resembling target behavior

Question 19

define shaping

Answer 19

reward successive approximations of the target behavior and gradually become more discriminating

Question 20

define aversive conditioning

Answer 20

pairing a negative or unpleasant experience with a specific behavior to create an aversion to that behavior

Question 21

define classical counter conditioning

Answer 21

situation/trigger paired frequently with reward for remaining relaxed

Question 22

define operant counter conditioning

Answer 22

pair situation/trigger with another previously learned cue