TH4 - BSE

Question 1

what percentage of males will not pass a BSE

Answer 1

10-20%

Question 2

Is libido assessed during the BSE

Answer 2

No - age and social status are factors

Question 3

Coverage ratios are based on

Answer 3

1. age
2. terrain
3. synchronization status

Question 4

Bull : Cow ratio

Answer 4

1:25
older bulls have better parameters

Question 5

Bucks : Doe / Rams : Ewe ratio

Answer 5

1:50
assuming male is fertile

Question 6

What is assessed during the general physical inspection

Answer 6

• general health
• BCS
• eyes/vision
• feet/leg/hoof
• environment
• genital conditions

Question 7

What is examined externally in regards to the repro tract

Answer 7

1. scrotal shape
2. testis and spermatic cord
3. epididymis
4. penis and prepuce

Question 8

what is examined internally in regards to the repro tract

Answer 8

1. vesicular glands
2. ampullae/prostate
3. inguinal rings

Question 9

what is evaluated when examining the testicles

Answer 9

• freely movable
• equal size
• consistency
• no masses on epididymis

Question 10

scrotal circumference

Answer 10

A reliable predictor of sperm production and quality

Question 11

T/F: there are scrotal circumference standards for bulls, bucks, and rams

Answer 11

FALSE - not for bucks

Question 12

What is the #1 important thing in BSE according to Dr. Gonzalez

Answer 12

wear gloves!!!

Question 13

what are 4 ways to collect sperm

Answer 13

1. artificial vagina
2. manual stimulation
3. electroejaculation
4. epididymal collection post-mortem/injury

Question 14

what 4 things should be examined during semen evaluation

Answer 14

1. gross appearance
2. volume and concentration
3. motility
4. morphology

Question 15

Individual progressive motility

Answer 15

200-400x magnified
warm sodium citrate dilution
CASA or manual estimate

Question 16

Semen morphology standards

Answer 16

1000x magnified under oil
eosin/nigrosine stain
70% normal

Question 17

Primary sperm abnormalities

Answer 17

Testicular injury
- head abnormalities
- acrosomal defects
- proximal droplets
- midpiece defects

Question 18

secondary sperm abnormalities

Answer 18

Epididymal or handling
- distal droplets
- simple tail abnormalities
- detached heads

Question 19

T/F: you may observe proximal droplets after a febrile event

Answer 19

TRUE

Question 20

Minimum standards for breeding

Answer 20

scrotal circumference >30cm
individual progressive motility > 30%
normal morphology > 70%

Question 21

what are the 4 final classifications of sires

Answer 21

1. satisfactory (meets minimum standards)
2. deferred (temporary condition/diagnosis)
3. Unsatisfactory
4. immediate unsatisfactory (defects, poor semen quality, etc.)

Question 22

Describe Campylobacteriosis

Answer 22

• Bull is asymp chronic carrier
• affects older bulls
• cow is temporarily infected
• 12-14d incubation
• mid to late embryonic loss or early fetal loss

Question 23

Describe Tritrichomonas foetus

Answer 23

• bull is asymp carrier
• spread during breeding
• inflammation of vagina, cervix, and endometrium
• embryonic death less than 42d > mid-late term abortions > pyometra
• quantitative PCR

Question 24

what are 5 examples of penile abnormalities

Answer 24

1. hair ring
2. fibropapilloma
3. persistent frenulum
4. ventral deviation
5. corkscrew

Question 25

Describe penile fibropapillomas

Answer 25

bovine papilloma virus 1 younger bulls signs: bleeding post-breeding, inability to extend penis, reduced fertility

Question 26

Describe persistent frenulums

Answer 26

failure of the penis and lamina propria to separate, inhibiting straight extension suspected heritability (angus, shorthorn, hereford, polled hereford, beefmaster)

Question 27

T/F: penile deviations require surgical intervention

Answer 27

TRUE

Question 28

Describe a penile hematoma

Answer 28

- rupture of the tunica albuginea - swelling cranial to scrotum - tx with abx to prevent abscessation

Question 29

describe vesiculitis

Answer 29

- bacterial infection of seminal vesicles (truparella) in very young or old bulls - results in enlargement, loss of lobulation, and adhesions - neutrophils in semen - tx with abx

Question 30

describe brucella ovis

Answer 30

gram (-) infection with tropism for repro tract sperm granuloma (25-50%), epididymitis, infertility, WBCs in semen transmitted venereally