T3: PSYC 305 > Big 5 > Flashcards

Big 5 Flashcards

(48 cards)

Study These Flashcards
1
Q

What are the 4 main ways to study personality?

A
  • Single-trait approach
  • Many-trait approach
  • Essential-trait approach
  • Typological approach
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Single-trait approach

A

Zoom into a single trait of interest
–> Investigates correlations between that one trait and many outcomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Many-trait approach

A

Start with an outcome of interest and investigate the many traits that a person has that could affect that outcome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What’s an example of the many-trait approach?

A

The California Q-set

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Essential-trait approach

A

Middle ground between the two previous ones. Search for the most important or relevant traits, letting the data guide you

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The essential-trait approach ahs two approaches. Name them

A

Theoretical Approaches
Empirical / Factor-analytic approaches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Example of a theoretical approach

A

Murray’s 20 needs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Example of the empirical /factor analytic approach

A

Big 5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Typological approach

A

Believes that the structure of traits across individuals is not thesame thing as the structure of personality within a person
(We need to look at the whole personality)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are personality types

A

= Summary of standing on several traits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The Big 5
–> Who established it
–> What hypothesis does it depend on

A

Allport and Oldport
Lexical hypothesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the 4 hierarchical levels of the B5

A
  • Higher order factors (plasticity / stability)
  • Dimensions (OCEANS)
  • Facets (sociability)
  • Nuances (sociable)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Tell me about openness

A
  • Also called open-mindedness
  • Has gone through several names
  • Describes the openness to new mental experiences, not social
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How is a person when they’re high on openness?

A
  • Intellectually curious
  • Aesthetically sensitive
  • Creative
  • Imaginative
  • Unconventional
  • Flexible
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How is a person when they’re not high on openness?

A
  • Narrow interest
  • Inartistic
  • Unimaginative
  • Stick with what they know
  • Uninterested in open-ended discussion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How is a person when they’re high on conscientousness?

A
  • Organized
  • Productive
  • Responsible
  • Hard-working
  • Neat
  • Self-disciplined
  • Healthy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How is a person when they’re not high on conscientousness?

A
  • Spontanous
  • Careless
  • Lax
  • Unreliable
    Short term orientation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Is there anything bad about being too conscientious?

A
  • Yes
  • IT can result in a lot of anxiety and perfectionism
  • May base their self-worth on their achievements
  • Can turn into OCD
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How is a person when they’re high on extraversion?

A
  • Sociable
  • Assertive
  • High energy level
  • Active
  • Outspoken
  • Chatty
  • Crave stimulation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How is a person when they’re not high on extraversion?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Shy
  • Quiet
  • Introverted
21
Q

Do we have a preference in regards to extraversion

Study These Flashcards
A

Yes, society tends to favour more extraverted people

22
Q

How is a person when they’re high on agreeableness?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Compassionate
  • Respectful
  • Trusting
  • Cooperative
  • Good-natured
  • Forgiving
23
Q

How is a person when they’re not high on agreeableness?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Rude
  • Manipulative
  • Assertive
  • Irritable
24
Q

Is any of the B5 traits noticably different in men or women?

Study These Flashcards
A

Yes! Agreeableness is the only trait to be substantially different as women tend to be more agreeable

25
Is there a negative side to agreeableness?
Yes, can lead to issues asserting themselves even in mild situations, conflict avoidance, focus on people pleasing etc
26
Tell me about neuroticism
Also known as negative emotionality Opposite to emotional stability
27
How is a person when they're high on neuroticism?
- Anxious - Depresed - Emotionally volatile - Strong reactions to stress - Prone to mood swings - Insecure
28
How is a person when they're not high on neuroticism?
- Laid-back - Relaxed - Resilient - Calm - Good emotional control
29
What are some issues with the B5?
- tho they're the most used, they still can't capture every aspect of personality - also since it was created through the english language, it leaves out potentially important words in other languages\ - focuses on positive or neutral traits
30
What's an alternative model?
HEXACO Honesty/humility, Emotionality, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Openness
31
Who and how was the HEXACO model developped?
Ashton and Lee, 2005 done using the lexical approach but with the Korean dictionary
32
What are dark personalities?
Traits that are socially aversive, but not clinical (not enough to get clinically diagnosed)
33
What is the dark tetrad and where was it developped?
Dark Tetrad: 4 most prominent types of dark personalities - Psychopathy - Narcicism - Sadism - Machiavellism Developed at UBC!!
34
Narcissism
Grandiose self-promotion and continuous craving of attention. NEED to be validated as ‘the best’ constantly
35
Machiavellianism
Masterful manipulation of others towards one’s own gain. Don’t enjoy hurting other people but don’t mind having to do it
36
Psychopathy
Callous thrill-seeking. Clinically tend to be heartless, cold and unfeeling. Most harmful of the four
37
Sadism
Getting enjoyment and a kick out of hurting others verbally and physically. Enjoys witnessing and causing pain. (Named after Marquis de Sade, a French author imprisoned for his explicit books)
38
What's the most popular example of the typological approach / personality types approach
MBTI (Myers Briggs)
39
How is the MBTI popular?
Used in workplaces, school, counseling centers, management, governments Over 80% of Fortune 500 companies big money
40
How is the MBTI measured?
93 items and you have choices between 2 options (Which word appeals to you more: Sociable or detached?)
41
What dimensions does the MBTI score? How many types of personality are there?
Extroversion vs Introversion Sensing vs Intuition Thinking vs Feeling Judgement vs Perception 16 possible personality types
42
Whata are the origins of the MBTI?
1921 - Carl Jung hypothesized that all humans fall into certain categories (but also recognized this wasn't true) Katherine and Isabel Briggs took this idea and ran w it, creating the test w no psych training
43
Why is the MBTI so popular?
- Foyer and Barnum effect - Great marketing - We love to categorize ourselves - Test only gives positive results
44
What are the issues w the MBTI?
- No scientific evidence it predicts life outcomes - Not useful for personnel selection - Categorization hids real differences - Measurement is not reliable and changes quickly
45
How can we use the lessons from MBTI but scientifically?
Create a new type of test based on the B5
46
What is the data-driven approach?
Latent profile analyses across four large-scale databases --> Trying to find if there are specific trait constellations that keep showing up across all these people and samples
47
What did they find?
Their findings were that there were 4 profiles that showed up over and over again: “Average”, “Self-Centered”, “Reserved” and “Role Model”
48
Ultimately, what's the contribution of traits?
Take everyday language and make it into a formal system to access and compare individual differences in personality --> Gets us closer to understanding personality fully and predicting behaviour more effectively
T3: PSYC 305
flashcards
Decks in class (20)
# Cards
Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2026 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions