Bits and bobs 6

Question 1

TCAs neurotrans

Answer 1

reduce the uptake of 5HT and NE into nerves –> leads to an accumulation of NE and 5 HT in the presynaptic cleft

Question 2

MAOis neurotrans

Answer 2

Allows accumulation of NE, 5 HT and dopamine in the synaptic cleft & increase storage of NT in vesicles

Question 3

SSRI nerurotrans

Answer 3

Specifically block 5HT with little to no effect on NE
Increase the levels of 5HT in the synaptic cleft

Question 4

SNRIs nurotrans

Answer 4

• Prevent the reuptake of 5HT and NE
• leads to accumulation of 5HT, NE and Dopamine in the Synaptic Cleft

Question 4

Serotonin Syndrome

Answer 4

• excessive serotonin in the synaptic cleft
• Hyperthermia, seizures, rhabdomyolysis
• Tremors, agitation, exaggerated reflexes fever over 39
• Increased bowl sounds (diarrhea), Tachycardia, bp instability (often high bp)
• agitation, mydriasis, diaphoresis

Question 5

theory behind anticonvulsants for mania

Answer 5

Drugs that Suppress Sodium Influx
thought to increase the level of inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA (Gamma- aminobutyric acid)

Question 6

what’s contraindicated with lithium

Answer 6

Lithium and Haldol – contraindicated – encephalopathy (swelling of the brain)

Question 7

Mech of action bentos and barbiturates

Answer 7

• potentiate GABA action, Binding directly to GABA Receptors
• Increase GABA to decrease message being sent (the firing)

Question 7

Lithium Toxicity

Answer 7

Polyuria, fatigue, drowsiness , blurred vision, muscle weakness, tremors, diarrhea, vomitting, GI discomfort, tremor, confusion, fatigue, seizures and possibly death, tachycardia
Kidney failure, delirium, coma

Question 8

Anti-Seizure Drugs Drugs that suppress sodium influx

Answer 8

• Neuronal activity is suppressed because Na+ channels are temporarily inactivated
• Sodium Influx work here by slowing down depolarization phase and therefore slow down the action potential
• VPA, carbamazepine, lamotrigine

Question 9

Malignant Hyperthermia

Answer 9

ECT risk
Occurs after general anesthetic
Due to succinylcholine
- high CO2 in blood, Skeletal muscle rigidit, Fever, Cyanosis

Question 9

Morning prior to ECT

Answer 9

• Administer anticholinergic meds about 30min-1 hr before procedure
• No food or drink (NPO) 8-12 hours before ECT
• Refrain from smoking prior to your procedure
• Ask them to void
• Hold morning meds

Question 10

fluid intake for lithium

Answer 10

2.5-3L/day

Question 11

association between bulimia nervosa and the neurotransmitters

Answer 11

serotonin and norepinephrine. Because citalopram is an SSRI, it would be useful in the treatment of bulimia nervosa and responsible for a positive client response.

Question 12

what to give for Narcolepsy

Answer 12

give amphetamines

Question 13

Neurocognitive disorder due to HIV affects

Answer 13

• 40% to 60% of clients diagnosed with this debilitating disease and is a common cause of mental status change in clients diagnosed with HIV infection. Typical manifestations are confusion, fluctuating memory loss, decreased concentration, lethargy, and diminished motor speed.

Question 14

most common serious adverse effect of using flumazenil to reverse benzodiazepine overdose

Answer 14

seizures

Question 14

Sublimation

Answer 14

transforming one’s anxiety or emotions into pursuits that are considered by societal or cultural norms to be more useful. This defense mechanism may be present in someone who channels their aggression and energy into playing sports.

• A client experiencing sublimation channels maladaptive feelings or impulses into socially acceptable behavior. Transforming one’s anxiety or emotions into pursuits that are considered by societal or cultural norms to be more useful

Question 15

inadequate intake of vitamin B1 (thiamine) secondary to prolonged and excessive alcohol intake can cause what mild SE

Answer 15

Numbness and tingling in the hands and feet are symptoms of peripheral polyneuritis,

Question 16

Which neurotransmitter has been implicated in the development of Alzheimer’s disease?

Answer 16

A relative deficiency of acetylcholine