BLOCK 8 — EU TRADE AGREEMENTS & INSTRUMENTS

Question 1

Which institution negotiates EU trade agreements on behalf of the EU?\nA. European Council\nB. European Commission (DG Trade)\nC. European Parliament\nD. EEAS

Answer 1

B. European Commission (DG Trade)

Question 2

Which body gives the negotiating mandate for EU trade agreements?\nA. Commission\nB. Council of the EU\nC. Parliament\nD. ECB

Answer 2

B. Council of the EU

Question 3

Which body must give consent before EU trade agreements enter into force?\nA. Court of Auditors\nB. European Parliament\nC. Agencies\nD. Council only

Answer 3

B. European Parliament

Question 4

Which body concludes trade agreements on behalf of the EU?\nA. Commission\nB. Council of the EU\nC. European Council\nD. Ombudsman

Answer 4

B. Council of the EU

Question 5

A “mixed agreement” requires ratification by:\nA. EU only\nB. All EU Member States and the EU\nC. Only the Commission\nD. Only the European Parliament

Answer 5

B. All EU Member States and the EU

Question 6

Which agreement type is the most comprehensive?\nA. Partnership and Cooperation Agreement (PCA)\nB. Free Trade Agreement (FTA)\nC. Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area (DCFTA)\nD. Memorandum of Understanding

Answer 6

C. Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area (DCFTA)

Question 7

The EU has DCFTAs with:\nA. Switzerland and Norway\nB. Ukraine, Georgia, Moldova\nC. China and India\nD. US and Canada

Answer 7

B. Ukraine, Georgia, Moldova

Question 8

Which is a “new generation” FTA?\nA. Only tariff cuts\nB. Includes services, procurement, IP, sustainable development\nC. Only agriculture\nD. No dispute settlement

Answer 8

B. Includes services, procurement, IP, sustainable development

Question 9

CETA is a trade agreement between the EU and:\nA. US\nB. Canada\nC. Mexico\nD. Australia

Answer 9

B. Canada

Question 10

The EU–Japan agreement is called:\nA. JEFTA\nB. JETAA\nC. JFTA\nD. ASFTA

Answer 10

A. JEFTA

Question 11

The EU–South Korea FTA is significant because:\nA. It was the first EU FTA with an OECD country in Asia\nB. It covers only agriculture\nC. It removed no tariffs\nD. It excludes services

Answer 11

A. It was the first EU FTA with an OECD country in Asia

Question 12

Mercosur includes:\nA. Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay\nB. Chile, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia\nC. Mexico, Canada, US\nD. India, Pakistan, Bangladesh

Answer 12

A. Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay

Question 13

The EU–Mercosur agreement is:\nA. In force\nB. Signed and fully implemented\nC. Politically agreed but pending ratification\nD. Abandoned

Answer 13

C. Politically agreed but pending ratification

Question 14

The EU has an FTA with Singapore and:\nA. Vietnam\nB. Malaysia\nC. Thailand\nD. Myanmar

Answer 14

A. Vietnam

Question 15

The EU–UK trade agreement is called:\nA. Withdrawal Agreement\nB. Trade and Cooperation Agreement (TCA)\nC. Partnership Agreement\nD. Brexit Treaty

Answer 15

B. Trade and Cooperation Agreement (TCA)

Question 16

The EU’s agreement with Switzerland is based on:\nA. One single FTA\nB. Over 100 bilateral agreements\nC. Only WTO rules\nD. The EEA

Answer 16

B. Over 100 bilateral agreements

Question 17

Which countries are in the European Economic Area (EEA)?\nA. EU + Switzerland\nB. EU + Norway, Iceland, Liechtenstein\nC. EU + UK\nD. Only eurozone

Answer 17

B. EU + Norway, Iceland, Liechtenstein

Question 18

Under EBA (“Everything But Arms”), LDCs receive:\nA. Full tariffs\nB. Zero tariffs except arms\nC. Partial quotas\nD. Anti-dumping duties

Answer 18

B. Zero tariffs except arms

Question 19

GSP+ grants:\nA. Zero tariffs for LDCs only\nB. Zero tariffs for countries implementing core conventions\nC. Tariffs for all\nD. Only agricultural benefits

Answer 19

B. Zero tariffs for countries implementing core conventions

Question 20

GSP (standard) provides:\nA. Aid only\nB. Reduced tariffs to developing countries\nC. Only loans\nD. No trade preferences

Answer 20

B. Reduced tariffs to developing countries

Question 21

Trade Defence Instruments include:\nA. Asylum policies\nB. Anti-dumping, anti-subsidy, safeguards\nC. Humanitarian aid\nD. Electoral monitoring

Answer 21

B. Anti-dumping, anti-subsidy, safeguards

Question 22

Anti-dumping duties address:\nA. Illegal immigration\nB. Products sold abroad below normal value\nC. Trade in services\nD. Military exports

Answer 22

B. Products sold abroad below normal value

Question 23

Anti-subsidy (countervailing) duties target:\nA. Private companies\nB. State-subsidised exports\nC. Consumers\nD. Farmers

Answer 23

B. State-subsidised exports

Question 24

Safeguard measures are imposed when:\nA. Imports threaten serious injury to domestic industry\nB. A country requests aid\nC. Elections occur\nD. WTO orders it

Answer 24

A. Imports threaten serious injury to domestic industry

Question 25

Which institution investigates dumping cases?\nA. European Parliament\nB. DG Trade (Commission)\nC. Council of Europe\nD. EEAS

Answer 25

B. DG Trade (Commission)

Question 26

The final decision on imposing anti-dumping duties is made by:\nA. Commission alone\nB. Council of the EU (QMV)\nC. Parliament\nD. Ombudsman

Answer 26

B. Council of the EU (QMV)

Question 27

WTO’s main decision-making body is the:\nA. Security Council\nB. Ministerial Conference\nC. Commission\nD. EEA Council

Answer 27

B. Ministerial Conference

Question 28

The WTO dispute settlement system includes:\nA. Court of Justice\nB. Panels and (formerly) Appellate Body\nC. ECtHR\nD. NATO tribunals

Answer 28

B. Panels and (formerly) Appellate Body

Question 29

WTO MFN principle means:\nA. Special treatment for neighbours\nB. “No discrimination” among trading partners\nC. Only tariffs for LDCs\nD. Military cooperation

Answer 29

B. “No discrimination” among trading partners

Question 30

WTO National Treatment means:\nA. Foreign goods treated equally to domestic goods\nB. No imports allowed\nC. Aid only\nD. Preferential treatment for allies

Answer 30

A. Foreign goods treated equally to domestic goods

Question 31

The EU files most WTO cases against:\nA. Maldives\nB. US and China\nC. Iceland\nD. UK

Answer 31

B. US and China

Question 32

SPS measures regulate:\nA. Food safety and plant/animal health\nB. Aviation\nC. Electoral systems\nD. Banking

Answer 32

A. Food safety and plant/animal health

Question 33

TBT measures cover:\nA. Technical rules and standards\nB. Tariffs only\nC. Military standards\nD. Embassies

Answer 33

A. Technical rules and standards

Question 34

EU restrictive measures (sanctions) are adopted under:\nA. Trade policy\nB. CFSP\nC. CAP\nD. Fisheries

Answer 34

B. CFSP

Question 35

Sanctions decisions require:\nA. QMV in Council\nB. Unanimity in Council\nC. Parliament consent\nD. ECB approval

Answer 35

B. Unanimity in Council

Question 36

Implementation of EU sanctions is done by:\nA. Member States\nB. EP only\nC. EEAS only\nD. Ombudsman

Answer 36

A. Member States

Question 37

Export controls in the EU (dual-use items) are governed by:\nA. Trade Defence Regulation\nB. Dual-Use Regulation\nC. GSP Regulation\nD. CAP

Answer 37

B. Dual-Use Regulation

Question 38

Dual-use items include:\nA. Cars\nB. Goods usable for both civilian and military purposes\nC. Toys\nD. Wheat

Answer 38

B. Goods usable for both civilian and military purposes

Question 39

Which countries have active negotiations for FTAs with the EU?\nA. US\nB. India, Australia, New Zealand\nC. North Korea\nD. Iran

Answer 39

B. India, Australia, New Zealand

Question 40

Which region has Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) with the EU?\nA. Latin America\nB. ACP regions (Africa, Caribbean, Pacific)\nC. EFTA\nD. BRICS

Answer 40

B. ACP regions (Africa, Caribbean, Pacific)

Question 41

The purpose of an EPA is:\nA. Only political cooperation\nB. Development-focused trade integration with ACP countries\nC. Military cooperation\nD. Sanctions

Answer 41

B. Development-focused trade integration with ACP countries

Question 42

Which country has an Association Agreement with a DCFTA?\nA. Turkey\nB. Ukraine\nC. Japan\nD. Mexico

Answer 42

B. Ukraine

Question 43

Turkey and the EU are in:\nA. A customs union (industrial goods)\nB. A full FTA\nC. EEA\nD. A DCFTA

Answer 43

A. A customs union (industrial goods)

Question 44

FTA rules of origin ensure that:\nA. Goods genuinely originate in partner countries to benefit from preferences\nB. All goods are tariff-free\nC. Goods are military-grade\nD. No customs checks exist

Answer 44

A. Goods genuinely originate in partner countries to benefit from preferences

Question 45

The Trade and Sustainable Development (TSD) chapters include commitments on:\nA. Art\nB. Labour rights and environmental standards\nC. Banking only\nD. Sports

Answer 45

B. Labour rights and environmental standards

Question 46

Which agreement is the most ambitious for sustainability?\nA. EBA\nB. New-generation FTAs\nC. PCA only\nD. Dual-use regulation

Answer 46

B. New-generation FTAs

Question 47

The Investment Court System (ICS) appears in:\nA. EBA\nB. CETA\nC. EEA\nD. GSP

Answer 47

B. CETA

Question 48

The EU–US negotiations known as TTIP were:\nA. Concluded\nB. Suspended and not completed\nC. Fully ratified\nD. Withdrawn in 1990

Answer 48

B. Suspended and not completed

Question 49

The EU’s FTA with Mexico is:\nA. Very old and recently modernised\nB. New and limited\nC. Not existing\nD. Only agriculture

Answer 49

A. Very old and recently modernised

Question 50

The EU’s agreement with Chile:\nA. Was modernised in 2023\nB. Does not exist\nC. Is only on coal\nD. Is military

Answer 50

A. Was modernised in 2023

Question 51

The purpose of the EU’s Generalised Scheme of Preferences is:\nA. Reduce tariffs to support developing countries\nB. Increase tariffs\nC. Promote exports of EU only\nD. Military aid

Answer 51

A. Reduce tariffs to support developing countries

Question 52

Trade Defence Instruments protect:\nA. Consumers only\nB. EU industries against unfair trade practices\nC. Only CAP\nD. No one

Answer 52

B. EU industries against unfair trade practices

Question 53

The EU’s anti-coercion instrument aims to:\nA. Respond to economic coercion by third countries\nB. Promote tourism\nC. Increase subsidies\nD. Police the eurozone

Answer 53

A. Respond to economic coercion by third countries

Question 54

The EU’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) applies to:\nA. Imported products with high carbon intensity\nB. All toys\nC. Nuclear weapons\nD. No imports

Answer 54

A. Imported products with high carbon intensity

Question 55

CBAM initially covers:\nA. Steel, cement, fertilisers, aluminium, electricity\nB. Textiles\nC. Cars only\nD. Milk

Answer 55

A. Steel, cement, fertilisers, aluminium, electricity

Question 56

CBAM’s purpose is to:\nA. Protect domestic industry\nB. Prevent carbon leakage and level the playing field\nC. Raise money only\nD. Ban imports

Answer 56

B. Prevent carbon leakage and level the playing field

Question 57

The EU’s “Trade for All” strategy was issued in:\nA. 2015\nB. 2020\nC. 2001\nD. 1999

Answer 57

A. 2015

Question 58

The EU’s latest trade strategy (“Open Strategic Autonomy”) focuses on:\nA. Complete self-sufficiency\nB. Openness + resilience + sustainability\nC. Closing borders\nD. Military policy

Answer 58

B. Openness + resilience + sustainability

Question 59

The EU’s trade agreements must comply with:\nA. WTO rules\nB. National rules only\nC. NATO guidelines\nD. UN conventions only

Answer 59

A. WTO rules

Question 60

EU FTAs increasingly include chapters on:\nA. Digital trade\nB. 18th-century tariffs\nC. UNESCO\nD. Gambling

Answer 60

A. Digital trade

Question 61

The EU’s agreements with Western Balkans include:\nA. Stabilisation and Association Agreements (SAAs)\nB. DCFTAs\nC. Only WTO rules\nD. None

Answer 61

A. Stabilisation and Association Agreements (SAAs)

Question 62

The EU’s agreement with Norway is based on:\nA. WTO\nB. EEA Agreement\nC. PCA\nD. DCFTA

Answer 62

B. EEA Agreement

Question 63

Which region is considered the EU’s neighbourhood priority for trade integration?\nA. Middle East only\nB. Western Balkans and Eastern Partners\nC. South America\nD. Antarctica

Answer 63

B. Western Balkans and Eastern Partners

Question 64

The EU’s partnership agreements with African regions belong to:\nA. CAP\nB. Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs)\nC. Schengen\nD. Eurozone

Answer 64

B. Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs)

Question 65

The EU’s trade negotiations are conducted according to:\nA. Commission’s negotiating directives\nB. Parliament alone\nC. UN rules only\nD. Member State embassies

Answer 65

A. Commission’s negotiating directives

Question 66

Which partner is NOT currently negotiating an FTA with the EU?\nA. India\nB. Australia\nC. New Zealand\nD. China

Answer 66

D. China

Question 67

Which of the following is NOT a trade preference scheme?\nA. GSP\nB. GSP+\nC. EBA\nD. ECB

Answer 67

D. ECB

Question 68

Dispute settlement in FTAs often includes:\nA. Arbitration mechanisms\nB. ECtHR\nC. CAP\nD. Humanitarian courts

Answer 68

A. Arbitration mechanisms

Question 69

Which country has an Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) with the EU?\nA. Japan\nB. Côte d’Ivoire\nC. Canada\nD. US

Answer 69

B. Côte d’Ivoire