EU Training Flashcards by Thanassis Papamargaris

Many agencies are “tripartite” in governance, meaning:\nA. They involve EU institutions, Member States and sometimes social partners\nB. They involve three languages only\nC. They are shared with non-EU countries\nD. They rotate capital cities

A. They involve EU institutions, Member States and sometimes social partners

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The European Commission’s 2025 Work Programme primarily aims to:\nA. Set long-term climate neutrality laws\nB. Define annual legislative and policy priorities\nC. Amend the Treaties\nD. Reassign portfolios among Commissioners

B. Define annual legislative and policy priorities

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The principle of subsidiarity ensures that:\nA. All EU policies must be harmonised\nB. Decisions are taken as close to the citizen as possible\nC. Only Member States can legislate\nD. Parliament always has veto power

B. Decisions are taken as close to the citizen as possible

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The open method of coordination is mainly used for:\nA. Binding harmonised legislation\nB. Non-binding cooperation and benchmarking between Member States\nC. Reforming Treaties\nD. Judicial cooperation

B. Non-binding cooperation and benchmarking between Member States

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Article 49 TEU sets the rules for:\nA. Withdrawal from the EU\nB. Accession to the EU\nC. Amending the Treaties\nD. Electing Commissioners

B. Accession to the EU

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The General Court of the EU is most active in cases concerning:\nA. International humanitarian law\nB. Competition, state aid and commercial disputes\nC. Maritime security\n

D. Fundamental rights,B. Competition, state aid and commercial disputes

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According to Article 24 TFEU, individuals who may complain to the Ombudsman are:\nA. Only EU citizens\nB. EU citizens and residents of Member States\nC. Anyone in the world\nD. Only national MPs

B. EU citizens and residents of Member States

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Council configurations refer to:\nA. Voting rules in COREPER\nB. The ten thematic formations of the Council\nC. How Commissioners meet\nD. Committees of Parliament

B. The ten thematic formations of the Council

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EU Election Observation Missions are deployed:\nA. Only in EU Member States\nB. In third countries upon invitation and EU mandate\nC. Automatically every year\nD. Only in OSCE countries

B. In third countries upon invitation and EU mandate

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ReFuelEU Aviation aims to:\nA. Reduce air travel within the EU\nB. Increase use of sustainable aviation fuels\nC. Ban fossil fuels entirely by 2030\nD. Harmonise airport taxes

B. Increase use of sustainable aviation fuels

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Under RePowerEU, EIB financing amounts to:\nA. €1 billion\nB. Around €30 billion\nC. €100 billion\nD. €500 million

B. Around €30 billion

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RePowerEU aims to:\nA. Increase fossil fuel imports\nB. Reduce dependence on Russian fossil fuels and boost clean energy\nC. Create a common EU military\nD. Lower VAT rates across Europe

B. Reduce dependence on Russian fossil fuels and boost clean energy

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Pillars of “Shaping Europe’s Digital Future” include:\nA. Eliminating all online advertising\nB. Technology that works for people, fair competition, and digital sovereignty\nC. Creating an EU social media platform\nD. Centralizing all data in Brussels

B. Technology that works for people, fair competition, and digital sovereignty

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The EU country with the highest refusal rate for entry of non-EU citizens is:\nA. France\nB. Poland\nC. Croatia\nD. Malta

C. Croatia

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European Commission green budgeting means:\nA. Cutting all non-green spending\nB. Tracking climate and environmental impacts of the EU budget\nC. Raising taxes for green projects\nD. Funding only NGOs

B. Tracking climate and environmental impacts of the EU budget

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The most important CAP tool supporting farmers’ income is:\nA. Export refunds\nB. Direct payments under the first pillar\nC. Emergency intervention only\nD. National subsidies

B. Direct payments under the first pillar

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The Effort Sharing Regulation sets:\nA. CO₂ limits for aviation only\nB. Binding annual greenhouse gas reduction targets for Member States\nC. Targets only for global partners\nD. Rules only for ETS sectors

B. Binding annual greenhouse gas reduction targets for Member States

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The EU’s top trading partner for goods is:\nA. United States\nB. China\nC. United Kingdom\nD. Japan

B. China

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The EU’s top trading partner for services is:\nA. China\nB. Australia\nC. United States\nD. Japan

C. United States

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A key benefit of the common charger is:\nA. Higher prices for electronics\nB. Reduced e-waste and consumer inconvenience\nC. Exclusive use of EU-made cables\nD. Mandatory subscription fees

B. Reduced e-waste and consumer inconvenience

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Terms for the President and Vice-Presidents of the EESC last:\nA. 1 year\nB. 2.5 years\nC. 5 years\nD. 3 years

B. 2.5 years

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Transport-related EU emissions aim to be cut by:\nA. 5% by 2030\nB. 20% by 2030\nC. 90% by 2050\nD. 40% by 2027

C. 90% by 2050

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“We must build a kind of United States of Europe” was said by:\nA. Angela Merkel\nB. Robert Schuman\nC. Winston Churchill\nD. Jean Monnet

C. Winston Churchill

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Youth unemployment is lowest in:\nA. Spain\nB. Greece\nC. Germany\nD. Italy

C. Germany

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Unemployment rates in the EU are highest in:\nA. Czechia\nB. Spain\nC. Poland\nD. Austria

B. Spain

Article 101 TFEU aims to:\nA. Prevent anti-competitive agreements and cartels\nB. Regulate taxation\nC. Set foreign policy\nD. Harmonise social law

A. Prevent anti-competitive agreements and cartels

The VAT-based own resource is collected as:\nA. A fixed share of national VAT revenue\nB. A tax on imports\nC. A tax on property\nD. A levy on companies

A. A fixed share of national VAT revenue

The EU’s post-COVID approach to mental health emphasises:\nA. Institutionalisation\nB. Prevention, access to services and community-based support\nC. Mandatory treatment programmes\nD. Privatization of mental health services

B. Prevention, access to services and community-based support

The President of the European Parliament is elected by:\nA. National governments\nB. Direct EU-wide vote\nC. Parliament by absolute majority for 2.5 years\nD. Commission appointment

C. Parliament by absolute majority for 2.5 years

The Single European Act introduced more:\nA. Veto powers\nB. Unanimity\nC. Qualified majority voting to complete the Internal Market\nD. New institutions

C. Qualified majority voting to complete the Internal Market

If Parliament fails to act in third reading of OLP:\nA. The proposal is rejected\nB. Council adopts automatically\nC. The joint text is approved\nD. ECJ intervenes

C. The joint text is approved

Under the consultation procedure, Parliament may:\nA. Amend legislation\nB. Veto legislation\nC. Issue a non-binding opinion\nD. Adopt acts alone

C. Issue a non-binding opinion

The European Commission’s ICT standard-setting priorities include:\nA. Removing all technology patents\nB. Cloud computing, cybersecurity, data and connectivity standards\nC. Eliminating AI research\nD. Banning open-source software

B. Cloud computing, cybersecurity, data and connectivity standards

Percentage of EU soils considered unhealthy is:\nA. 15%\nB. 30%\nC. Over 60%\nD. 5%

C. Over 60%

The EFTA Secretariat and Secretary-General are based in:\nA. Brussels\nB. Geneva\nC. Luxembourg\nD. Vienna

B. Geneva

The sustainability competence group open to learners of all ages is:\nA. Acting for sustainability\nB. Embracing complexity in sustainability\nC. Envisioning sustainable futures\nD. Embodying sustainability values

B. Embracing complexity in sustainability

Transposition refers to:\nA. Direct application of regulations\nB. Incorporating EU directives into national law\nC. Treaty revision\nD. Electoral reform

B. Incorporating EU directives into national law

The second stage of the OLP is:\nA. First reading\nB. Second reading by Parliament and Council\nC. Trilogues only\nD. Final adoption

B. Second reading by Parliament and Council

The EFTA country failing to ratify the EEA Agreement in 1992 was:\nA. Iceland\nB. Liechtenstein\nC. Norway\nD. Switzerland

D. Switzerland

A key objective of the European Political Community is:\nA. EU enlargement only\nB. Strategic cooperation with European democracies beyond the EU\nC. Introducing a common army\nD. Creating a new currency

B. Strategic cooperation with European democracies beyond the EU

The European Climate Law sets:\nA. Non-binding climate targets\nB. A legally binding goal of climate neutrality by 2050\nC. Nationally optional rules\nD. Targets only for ETS sectors

B. A legally binding goal of climate neutrality by 2050

Percentage of lower secondary pupils in vocational programmes is:\nA. 10%\nB. 20%\nC. About 50%\nD. Around 30%

D. Around 30%

Environmental protection investments are highest for:\nA. Households\nB. Governments\nC. Corporations\nD. NGOs

C. Corporations

The EU platform for sanitary and phytosanitary certifications is:\nA. TRACES\nB. SOLVIT\nC. RAPEX\nD. eCertis

A. TRACES

The Statute of the Council of Europe was signed in:\nA. 1990 in Paris\nB. 1949 in London\nC. 1957 in Rome\nD. 1963 in Strasbourg

B. 1949 in London

The rapporteur in Parliament is:\nA. A Commissioner\nB. The MEP assigned to draft a report\nC. A judge of the ECJ\nD. A Council official

B. The MEP assigned to draft a report

Interinstitutional dialogue refers to:\nA. Discussions between EU institutions to facilitate legislative agreement\nB. Public consultations only\nC. Judicial proceedings\nD. Meetings between Member States only

A. Discussions between EU institutions to facilitate legislative agreement

The Innovation Fund focuses on:\nA. Agricultural subsidies\nB. Large-scale clean tech and industrial decarbonisation projects\nC. State aid control\nD. Maritime security

B. Large-scale clean tech and industrial decarbonisation projects

Industrial decarbonisation in EU policy aims to:\nA. Remove all industrial activity\nB. Support transition to low-carbon manufacturing technologies\nC. Increase coal production\nD. Privatise ETS sectors

B. Support transition to low-carbon manufacturing technologies

The European Defence Fund (EDF) supports:\nA. Humanitarian aid\nB. Joint defence research and capability development\nC. CFSP sanctions\nD. Competition enforcement

B. Joint defence research and capability development

An Association Agreement typically includes:\nA. Only visa rules\nB. Integration in trade, political dialogue, and sectoral cooperation\nC. Full EU membership\nD. NATO requirements

B. Integration in trade, political dialogue, and sectoral cooperation

A “gatekeeper” under the Digital Markets Act is:\nA. Any online business\nB. A platform with significant impact, entrenched position, and control over core services\nC. National telecom regulators\nD. Council-appointed platforms

B. A platform with significant impact, entrenched position, and control over core services

The Digital Markets Act aims to:\nA. Deregulate online markets\nB. Ensure fair and contestable digital markets\nC. Replace competition law\nD. Create an EU social network

B. Ensure fair and contestable digital markets

Energy-related emissions from the building sector account for:\nA. Around 5%\nB. Around 10%\nC. Over one-third of EU energy consumption and emissions\nD. Almost none

C. Over one-third of EU energy consumption and emissions

The stages of joining the EU include:\nA. Direct accession without criteria\nB. Application, candidate status, negotiations, screening, chapters, ratification\nC. Treaty revision only\nD. Referendum in Brussels

B. Application, candidate status, negotiations, screening, chapters, ratification

Top three cheese producers in the EU are:\nA. Greece, Cyprus, Estonia\nB. France, Germany, Italy\nC. Sweden, Portugal, Hungary\nD. Poland, Latvia, Austria

B. France, Germany, Italy

Tasks of the Eurosystem include:\nA. National tax collection\nB. Conducting monetary policy and ensuring financial stability\nC. Supervising all courts\nD. Managing EU development aid

B. Conducting monetary policy and ensuring financial stability

The European Health Data Space aims to:\nA. Centralise all hospitals\nB. Enable health data access for care, research, and policy\nC. Replace national health systems\nD. Collect only genomic data

B. Enable health data access for care, research, and policy

The Committee of the Regions participates in lawmaking by:\nA. Voting in Council\nB. Issuing opinions on proposals affecting regional and local authorities\nC. Running elections\nD. Drafting directives alone

B. Issuing opinions on proposals affecting regional and local authorities

Europe Day marks the anniversary of:\nA. Treaty of Maastricht\nB. Founding of the UN\nC. Schuman Declaration of 9 May 1950\nD. First EU elections

C. Schuman Declaration of 9 May 1950

The Nature Restoration Law aims to:\nA. Privatise nature reserves\nB. Restore degraded ecosystems, habitats and species\nC. Reduce national parks\nD. Increase industrial land use

B. Restore degraded ecosystems, habitats and species

A “general approach” in the Council means:\nA. Final adoption of legislation\nB. Political agreement among Member States before Parliament’s first reading\nC. A court judgement\nD. A Commission veto

B. Political agreement among Member States before Parliament’s first reading

Credit rights in EU legislation concern:\nA. Patents\nB. Consumer rights in credit contracts\nC. Only mortgage revenue\nD. VAT

B. Consumer rights in credit contracts

Under Article 238 TFEU on unanimity, abstentions:\nA. Count as votes against\nB. Block the act\nC. Do not prevent unanimity\nD. Count as support

C. Do not prevent unanimity

EU pay transparency rules aim to:\nA. Reduce wages\nB. Ensure equal pay between men and women through reporting obligations\nC. Remove pay slips\nD. Privatise wage negotiations

B. Ensure equal pay between men and women through reporting obligations

The President of the European Court of Auditors serves a term of:\nA. 2 years\nB. 3 years, renewable\nC. 7 years\nD. Lifetime

B. 3 years, renewable

The European Court of Auditors’ main function is to:\nA. Judge cases\nB. Audit EU revenue and expenditure\nC. Conduct foreign policy\nD. Approve sanctions

B. Audit EU revenue and expenditure

The Service for Foreign Policy Instruments supports:\nA. CSDP missions and CFSP spending implementation\nB. Regional funds only\nC. Judicial reforms in Member States\nD. EU budget control

A. CSDP missions and CFSP spending implementation

The first legal basis for common EU environment policy was:\nA. Treaty of Amsterdam\nB. Single European Act\nC. Lisbon Treaty\nD. Nice Treaty

B. Single European Act

The European Commission assesses performance of existing policies mainly via:\nA. Scientific panels only\nB. Evaluations and fitness checks\nC. National referenda\nD. Court hearings

B. Evaluations and fitness checks

FOOD 2030 aims to:\nA. Increase food prices\nB. Support sustainable, climate-smart, resilient food systems\nC. Eliminate agricultural subsidies\nD. Regulate restaurants

B. Support sustainable, climate-smart, resilient food systems

Quorum in the European Parliament requires:\nA. 10 MEPs\nB. One-third of all MEPs\nC. Half of Council members\nD. President plus Vice-Presidents

B. One-third of all MEPs

Voices of Culture is:\nA. A cultural TV station\nB. A structured dialogue group connecting the Commission with civil society in culture\nC. A Parliament committee\nD. A Council formation

B. A structured dialogue group connecting the Commission with civil society in culture

The Commission’s Rules of Procedure define:\nA. Internal organisation, decision-making, and working methods\nB. Parliament’s agenda\nC. CJEU composition\nD. National elections

A. Internal organisation, decision-making, and working methods

The case Van Gend & Loos concerned:\nA. Article 101 TFEU\nB. Article 30 EEC on customs duties and direct effect\nC. Article 50 TEU\nD. Article 107 TFEU

B. Article 30 EEC on customs duties and direct effect

The most significant energy source for the EU economy is:\nA. Coal\nB. Oil and petroleum products\nC. Wind\nD. Nuclear

B. Oil and petroleum products

The European Semester is:\nA. A university programme\nB. The annual cycle of economic, social, and fiscal coordination\nC. A rotating presidency rule\nD. A budget treaty

B. The annual cycle of economic, social, and fiscal coordination

The EU budgetary procedure is governed by:\nA. Article 314 TFEU\nB. Article 50 TEU\nC. Article 352 TFEU\nD. Article 258 TFEU

A. Article 314 TFEU

If institutions fail to reach a joint text in conciliation:\nA. Parliament adopts alone\nB. Council adopts alone\nC. The act fails entirely\nD. ECJ amends the text

C. The act fails entirely

The Single Market Programme 2021–2027 aims to:\nA. Remove all food rules\nB. Support competitiveness, market surveillance, consumer protection and SMEs\nC. Create an EU tax\nD. Replace customs

B. Support competitiveness, market surveillance, consumer protection and SMEs

The Euratom Supply Agency ensures:\nA. Fisheries policy\nB. Security of nuclear fuel supply for the EU\nC. Digital policy\nD. Gas price caps

B. Security of nuclear fuel supply for the EU

The EU goal for fertiliser reduction by 2030 is:\nA. 10%\nB. 20%\nC. 50%\nD. 70%

C. 50%

The Farm to Fork strategy aims to:\nA. Increase pesticide use\nB. Make food systems fair, healthy and environmentally friendly\nC. Ban livestock farming\nD. Centralise supermarkets

B. Make food systems fair, healthy and environmentally friendly

State aid is prohibited under Article 107 TFEU when it:\nA. Is given to NGOs\nB. Distorts competition and affects trade between Member States\nC. Funds education\nD. Supports health services

B. Distorts competition and affects trade between Member States

The GNI cap for VAT-based own resources is:\nA. 0.1%\nB. 1%\nC. 50%\nD. 0.3%

D. 0.3%

Constructive abstention applies mainly in:\nA. CAP\nB. CFSP decisions\nC. Competition policy\nD. Trade defence

B. CFSP decisions

The European Hydrogen Bank aims to:\nA. Fund coal mining\nB. Support renewable hydrogen production and market uptake\nC. Close hydrogen markets\nD. Finance oil pipelines

B. Support renewable hydrogen production and market uptake

The European Economic and Social Committee provides:\nA. Judicial rulings\nB. Advisory opinions representing workers, employers and civil society\nC. Trade sanctions\nD. Tax harmonisation

B. Advisory opinions representing workers, employers and civil society

Jurisdiction for compensation claims against the EU is set out in:\nA. Article 101 TFEU\nB. Article 268 TFEU\nC. Article 7 TEU\nD. Article 49 TEU

B. Article 268 TFEU

The Legal Service of the European Parliament is part of:\nA. The Secretariat\nB. The ECJ\nC. The Ombudsman’s office\nD. COREPER

A. The Secretariat

A Commission proposal for a Council Recommendation is:\nA. Binding law\nB. A non-binding policy suggestion addressed to Member States\nC. A judicial ruling\nD. A trade agreement

B. A non-binding policy suggestion addressed to Member States

The EU’s six Executive Agencies include:\nA. EMA, EBA, EIOPA, ESMA, CINEA, EUIPO\nB. CINEA, EACEA, HADEA, REA, ERCEA, EISMEA\nC. Frontex, Europol, Eurojust, EASO, ECDC, EFSA\nD. EASA, ENISA, ERA, ETF, EEA, ECDC * CINEA – European Climate, Infrastructure and Environment Executive Agency * EACEA – European Education and Culture Executive Agency * HADEA – European Health and Digital Executive Agency * REA – European Research Executive Agency * ERCEA – European Research Council Executive Agency * EISMEA – European Innovation Council and SMEs Executive Agency

B. CINEA, EACEA, HADEA, REA, ERCEA, EISMEA

EU’s decentralised agencies are created to:\nA. Replace national ministries\nB. Provide specialised technical, scientific or operational support across EU policies\nC. Draft primary legislation\nD. Supervise Parliament elections

B. Provide specialised technical, scientific or operational support across EU policies

The European Citizens’ Initiative requires:\nA. 100,000 signatures from any EU country\nB. One million signatures from at least seven Member States\nC. A vote in Parliament\nD. ECJ approval

B. One million signatures from at least seven Member States

The Trans-European Network for Energy (TEN-E) focuses on:\nA. Judiciary reform\nB. Cross-border energy infrastructure to improve security and integration\nC. Education programmes\nD. Telecommunications

B. Cross-border energy infrastructure to improve security and integration

The Economic Policy Committee (EPC) of the Council supports:\nA. Tax collection\nB. Preparation of policy opinions on economic and structural matters\nC. Judicial coordination\nD. Fisheries policy

B. Preparation of policy opinions on economic and structural matters

“Better Regulation” in the EU refers to:\nA. Increasing the number of laws\nB. Ensuring evidence-based, transparent, efficient policymaking\nC. Replacing all directives\nD. Privatising environmental assessments

B. Ensuring evidence-based, transparent, efficient policymaking

“Policy measures” differ from “policy options” because they:\nA. Are hypothetical only\nB. Are concrete actions chosen for implementation\nC. Cannot be evaluated\nD. Do not require evidence

B. Are concrete actions chosen for implementation

EU countries account for what share of global imports and exports combined?\nA. Around 5%\nB. Around 15%\nC. Over 30%\nD. Over 50%

C. Over 30%

The Commission’s strategy for 2024–2029 focuses on:\nA. Deregulation\nB. Security, competitiveness, green/energy transition, digital leadership, EU democracy\nC. Abolishing EU law\nD. Removing enlargement policy

B. Security, competitiveness, green/energy transition, digital leadership, EU democracy

A Green Paper is:\nA. Binding legislation\nB. A Commission consultation document inviting debate\nC. A judicial ruling\nD. A Council conclusion

B. A Commission consultation document inviting debate

A White Paper is:\nA. Draft legislation submitted to Parliament\nB. A Commission policy roadmap proposing concrete actions\nC. An ECJ document\nD. An election manifesto

B. A Commission policy roadmap proposing concrete actions

The European Environment Agency (EEA) aims to:\nA. Conduct police missions\nB. Provide environmental data, assessments and knowledge\nC. Supervise national courts\nD. Regulate nuclear energy

B. Provide environmental data, assessments and knowledge

Poor or bad conservation status affects what share of European habitats and species?\nA. 10%\nB. 25%\nC. Over 60%\nD. All of them

C. Over 60%

The EU country with the highest household expenditure on sporting goods and services is:\nA. Greece\nB. Denmark\nC. Netherlands\nD. Austria

D. Austria

Open Strategic Autonomy refers to:\nA. Closing EU borders\nB. Strengthening EU resilience while remaining open to trade and cooperation\nC. Ending WTO participation\nD. A military doctrine

B. Strengthening EU resilience while remaining open to trade and cooperation

The EU’s new trade strategy emphasises:\nA. Isolation\nB. Sustainable, open, rules-based trade with stronger enforcement tools\nC. Removing trade agreements\nD. Carbon-based tariffs only

B. Sustainable, open, rules-based trade with stronger enforcement tools

Multiannual Financial Frameworks (MFFs) span:\nA. 3 years\nB. 5 years\nC. 7 years\nD. 10 years

C. 7 years

The institution responsible for proposing MFFs is:\nA. European Parliament\nB. Court of Auditors\nC. European Commission\nD. ECB

C. European Commission

The European Green Deal aims to:\nA. Increase emissions\nB. Make Europe climate-neutral by 2050\nC. Ban all transport\nD. Privatise energy markets

B. Make Europe climate-neutral by 2050

Eurobarometer is:\nA. An inflation index\nB. A public opinion survey tool used by the European Commission\nC. A Parliament voting system\nD. An ECJ registry

B. A public opinion survey tool used by the European Commission

Eurobarometer surveys typically assess:\nA. Military strategy only\nB. Public attitudes on democracy, environment, economy, taxation, justice and other EU issues\nC. Only farm prices\nD. Private company revenues

B. Public attitudes on democracy, environment, economy, taxation, justice and other EU issue

A transnational political group in Parliament requires:\nA. 5 MEPs from 5 states\nB. 10 MEPs from 3 states\nC. 23 MEPs from 7 Member States\nD. 50 MEPs from 10 states

C. 23 MEPs from 7 Member States

Free movement of capital was fully introduced in:\nA. Treaty of Rome 1957\nB. Maastricht Treaty 1992\nC. Treaty of Lisbon\nD. Treaty of Nice

B. Maastricht Treaty 1992

Free movement of goods originated in:\nA. Treaty of Lisbon\nB. Treaty of Rome\nC. Treaty of Nice\nD. Amsterdam Treaty

B. Treaty of Rome

Free movement of services was consolidated under:\nA. Treaty of Paris\nB. Single European Act\nC. Treaty of Nice\nD. Treaty of Amsterdam

B. Single European Act

The Courts of the EU consist of:\nA. ECJ, General Court and Civil Service Tribunal\nB. ECJ and General Court\nC. National courts only\nD. ECJ only

B. ECJ and General Court

The stages of a candidate’s EU application include:\nA. Only one step: ratification\nB. Application, Commission opinion, Council decision, negotiations, chapters closing, accession treaty\nC. Referendum then accession\nD. CJEU approval

B. Application, Commission opinion, Council decision, negotiations, chapters closing, accession treaty

Hearing Officers in DG Competition ensure:\nA. Speeding up cases only\nB. Due process and procedural fairness in antitrust and merger investigations\nC. That companies avoid fines\nD. Judicial appeals

B. Due process and procedural fairness in antitrust and merger investigations

Article 17(5) TFEU on Commission membership states:\nA. Each Member State always has one Commissioner\nB. Commissioners are chosen via a rotation system (unanimously agreed by the European Council)\nC. Parliament elects all Commissioners directly\nD. The Commission may have up to 50 members

B. Commissioners are chosen via a rotation system (unanimously agreed by the European Council)

The consultation procedure:\nA. Gives Parliament veto power\nB. Requires Council to obtain but not follow Parliament’s opinion\nC. Gives Parliament co-legislative equality\nD. Applies only to foreign policy

B. Requires Council to obtain but not follow Parliament’s opinion

The consent procedure:\nA. Allows Parliament to amend proposals\nB. Allows Parliament only to approve or reject\nC. Excludes Parliament entirely\nD. Applies only to agriculture

B. Allows Parliament only to approve or reject

A Regulation in EU law:\nA. Binds all Member States but requires national transposition\nB. Is directly applicable in all Member States\nC. Applies only if parliaments consent\nD. Requires a referendum in each country

B. Is directly applicable in all Member States

A Directive:\nA. Applies automatically without national action\nB. Binds Member States as to the result, requiring national transposition\nC. Is purely advisory\nD. Applies only to eurozone countries

B. Binds Member States as to the result, requiring national transposition

The EU Product Compliance Network (EUPCN) links:\nA. Only consumers\nB. Market surveillance authorities across Member States\nC. ECJ judges\nD. Trade unions

B. Market surveillance authorities across Member States

The EU Agency for Asylum (EUAA) supports:\nA. Only border checks\nB. Member States in asylum management, training, and operational support\nC. Judicial appeals\nD. Competition investigations

B. Member States in asylum management, training, and operational support

The principle of direct applicability means:\nA. Citizens cannot rely on EU law\nB. Regulations apply automatically without national implementation measures\nC. Only directives apply\nD. National law always prevails

B. Regulations apply automatically without national implementation measures

The EU Hybrid Toolbox is:\nA. A cyber weapon\nB. A coordinated EU response framework to hybrid threats\nC. A budget tool\nD. A tax directory

B. A coordinated EU response framework to hybrid threats

The EU Cyber Diplomacy Toolbox aims to:\nA. Promote cyberattacks\nB. Provide EU responses (restrictive, diplomatic, cyber measures) to malicious cyber activities\nC. Replace NATO\nD. Regulate internet prices

B. Provide EU responses (restrictive, diplomatic, cyber measures) to malicious cyber activities

Eco-schemes under the CAP are:\nA. Mandatory for farmers\nB. Voluntary schemes rewarding climate- and environment-friendly agricultural practices\nC. Limited to fisheries\nD. A type of competition fine

B. Voluntary schemes rewarding climate- and environment-friendly agricultural practices

The EU Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA) focuses on:\nA. Banking supervision\nB. Strengthening cybersecurity capacity and resilience across the EU\nC. Transport safety\nD. Judicial reform

B. Strengthening cybersecurity capacity and resilience across the EU

The Single Market Enforcement Task Force works to:\nA. Monitor national elections\nB. Remove unjustified barriers and ensure proper implementation of single-market rules\nC. Expand CAP\nD. Supervise national courts

B. Remove unjustified barriers and ensure proper implementation of single-market rules

AURORA is a tool developed to:\nA. Track fishing vessels\nB. Identify stolen cultural goods and protect archaeological sites via digital analysis\nC. Supervise merger cases\nD. Conduct meteorology

B. Identify stolen cultural goods and protect archaeological sites via digital analysis

ANCHISE was developed to:\nA. Provide tax advice\nB. Build databases for cultural heritage crime prevention and illicit trafficking detection\nC. Regulate chemicals\nD. Manage gas networks

B. Build databases for cultural heritage crime prevention and illicit trafficking detection

ENIGMA focuses on:\nA. Agriculture only\nB. Advanced forensic analysis and cooperation to counter art trafficking and looting\nC. Prison systems\nD. Trade sanctions

B. Advanced forensic analysis and cooperation to counter art trafficking and looting

The Commission’s 2025 Work Programme aims to:\nA. End all EU legislation\nB. Deliver targeted initiatives completing the 2019–2024 priorities while supporting resilience and competitiveness\nC. Replace all directives with regulations\nD. Focus solely on foreign policy

B. Deliver targeted initiatives completing the 2019–2024 priorities while supporting resilience and competitiveness

The principle of subsidiarity ensures that:\nA. Only the EU may legislate\nB. Action is taken at EU level only when objectives cannot be sufficiently achieved by Member States\nC. National parliaments cannot intervene\nD. The Commission must veto national laws

B. Action is taken at EU level only when objectives cannot be sufficiently achieved by Member States

The Open Method of Coordination (OMC) is:\nA. A binding legislative tool\nB. A voluntary framework using guidelines, benchmarking and peer review\nC. A judicial procedure\nD. A voting rule in Council

B. A voluntary framework using guidelines, benchmarking and peer review

Article 49 TEU establishes:\nA. Procedure for EU sanctions\nB. Conditions and process for a European state to apply for EU membership\nC. Rules on competition fines\nD. Rules for MEP elections

B. Conditions and process for a European state to apply for EU membership

Non-EU citizens form the highest share of which occupational group?\nA. Managers\nB. Service and sales workers\nC. ICT specialists\nD. Teachers

B. Service and sales workers

The General Court is most active in cases involving:\nA. Maritime law\nB. Competition, state aid, trademarks and sanctions listings\nC. Defence procurement\nD. Family law

B. Competition, state aid, trademarks and sanctions listings

According to Article 24 TFEU, complaints to the Ombudsman may be submitted by:\nA. EU citizens and residents, or natural/legal persons residing in a Member State\nB. Only MEPs\nC. Only Member States\nD. Non-EU states only

A. EU citizens and residents, or natural/legal persons residing in a Member State

Council configurations include:\nA. Only one formation\nB. Ten thematic formations (e.g., ECOFIN, AGRIFISH, JHA)\nC. Only Foreign Affairs Council\nD. Only Agriculture Council

B. Ten thematic formations (e.g., ECOFIN, AGRIFISH, JHA)

EU Election Observation Missions are deployed:\nA. At random\nB. Following invitations by host countries and EU assessment of feasibility and security\nC. Automatically every year\nD. Only in EU Member States

B. Following invitations by host countries and EU assessment of feasibility and security

EU microplastics target aims to reduce releases by:\nA. 5%\nB. 10%\nC. 30%\nD. 90%

D. 90%

The EU country generating the most packaging waste per capita is:\nA. Italy\nB. Ireland\nC. Germany\nD. France

B. Ireland

ReFuelEU Aviation aims to:\nA. Increase fossil fuel use\nB. Promote sustainable aviation fuels and reduce aviation emissions\nC. Privatise airports\nD. Ban all flights

B. Promote sustainable aviation fuels and reduce aviation emissions

Under REPowerEU, EIB funding reached approximately:\nA. €1 billion\nB. €5 billion\nC. €30 billion\nD. €45 billion

D. €45 billion

The REPowerEU initiative aims to:\nA. Increase dependency on Russian gas\nB. Reduce reliance on Russian fossil fuels and accelerate the green transition\nC. Expand coal mining\nD. Deregulate energy markets

B. Reduce reliance on Russian fossil fuels and accelerate the green transition

“Shaping Europe’s Digital Future” rests on pillars including:\nA. Eliminating data protection\nB. Technology that works for people, a fair digital economy, and an open democratic society\nC. Removing AI from regulation\nD. Creating a single EU-owned platform

B. Technology that works for people, a fair digital economy, and an open democratic society

The EU country with the highest rate of entry refusals to non-EU citizens is:\nA. Sweden\nB. Poland\nC. France\nD. Croatia

D. Croatia

In Parliament, the “responsible committee” is:\nA. The committee of national ministers\nB. The lead committee managing a file under the legislative procedure\nC. The ECJ advisory body\nD. A Commission working group

B. The lead committee managing a file under the legislative procedure

Green budgeting by the Commission means:\nA. Removing all environmental measures\nB. Tracking and aligning EU budget expenditures with climate and environmental objectives\nC. Taxing all pollution at EU level\nD. Creating only green agencies

B. Tracking and aligning EU budget expenditures with climate and environmental objectives

The most important CAP income-support tool is:\nA. Crisis reserve\nB. Direct payments to farmers through the Basic Income Support for Sustainability\nC. Export subsidies\nD. Market intervention only

B. Direct payments to farmers through the Basic Income Support for Sustainability

The Effort Sharing Regulation covers:\nA. ETS sectors only\nB. Member State binding targets for non-ETS sectors such as buildings, transport and agriculture\nC. Nuclear policy\nD. Maritime border control

B. Member State binding targets for non-ETS sectors such as buildings, transport and agriculture

The EU’s top trading partner for goods is:\nA. China\nB. Japan\nC. Brazil\nD. India

A. China

The EU’s top trading partner for services is:\nA. China\nB. UK\nC. Turkey\nD. Japan

B. UK

A key benefit of a common charger is:\nA. Increased e-waste\nB. Reduction of electronic waste and consumer convenience\nC. Higher prices\nD. Battery removal

B. Reduction of electronic waste and consumer convenience

Terms of EESC members last:\nA. 2 years\nB. 5 years\nC. 3 years\nD. Lifetime

B. 5 years

The EU aims to cut transport-related greenhouse gas emissions by:\nA. 5% by 2030\nB. 10% by 2025\nC. 90% by 2050\nD. 50% by 2030

C. 90% by 2050

“We must build a kind of United States of Europe” was said by:\nA. Adenauer\nB. Churchill\nC. Schuman\nD. De Gasperi

B. Churchill

EU youth unemployment rates show lowest levels in:\nA. Greece\nB. Spain\nC. Germany\nD. Italy

C. Germany

Overall unemployment is lowest in:\nA. Czechia\nB. Spain\nC. Italy\nD. Greece

A. Czechia

Article 101 TFEU competition rules aim to:\nA. Permit cartels\nB. Prevent anti-competitive agreements affecting trade between Member States\nC. Regulate taxation\nD. Control immigration

B. Prevent anti-competitive agreements affecting trade between Member States

The VAT-based own resource is calculated from:\nA. Total national turnover\nB. A harmonised VAT base multiplied by a uniform call rate\nC. Public debt levels\nD. Private expenditure

B. A harmonised VAT base multiplied by a uniform call rate

The EU’s approach to mental health post-COVID emphasises:\nA. Halting healthcare cooperation\nB. Prevention, early detection, digital tools and integrated support services\nC. Closing hospitals\nD. Deregulating mental health professions

B. Prevention, early detection, digital tools and integrated support services

The President of the European Parliament is elected:\nA. By the Council\nB. By MEPs for a renewable 2.5-year term\nC. By the Commission\nD. By national parliaments

B. By MEPs for a renewable 2.5-year term

The Single European Act amended EEC rules by:\nA. Removing all vetoes\nB. Extending qualified majority voting and completing the internal market\nC. Creating the euro\nD. Abolishing Parliament

B. Extending qualified majority voting and completing the internal market

If Parliament fails to act at third reading in OLP:\nA. The act is automatically rejected\nB. The act is deemed adopted\nC. The Commission decides\nD. Council must restart

B. The act is deemed adopted

Under the consultation procedure, Parliament:\nA. Has a veto\nB. Gives a non-binding opinion that Council must obtain before adoption\nC. Appoints the Commission\nD. Adopts secondary legislation

B. Gives a non-binding opinion that Council must obtain before adoption

ICT standard-setting priorities include:\nA. Banning cloud computing\nB. Improving interoperability, cybersecurity, and EU participation in global standards bodies\nC. Removing all technical rules\nD. Privatizing data

B. Improving interoperability, cybersecurity, and EU participation in global standards bodies

Over what percentage of EU soils are considered unhealthy?\nA. 10%\nB. 25%\nC. Over 60%\nD. All

B. Over 60%

The EFTA Secretariat and its Secretary-General are based in:\nA. Vienna\nB. Brussels\nC. Geneva\nD. Oslo

C. Geneva

The four sustainability competence groups include all except:\nA. Embodying sustainability values\nB. Envisioning sustainable futures\nC. Acting for sustainability\nD. Monetary governance

D. Monetary governance

Transposition refers to:\nA. Rewriting EU law into treaties\nB. Incorporating directives into national law\nC. Enforcement by ECJ\nD. Drafting Commission proposals

B. Incorporating directives into national law

The second stage of OLP is:\nA. No role for Parliament\nB. Council first reading and possible position\nC. ECJ review\nD. Referendum

B. Council first reading and possible position

The EFTA state that rejected the EEA Agreement in 1992 was:\nA. Iceland\nB. Norway\nC. Switzerland\nD. Liechtenstein

C. Switzerland

The European Political Community aims to:\nA. Replace the EU\nB. Provide a platform for political cooperation among EU and non-EU European states\nC. Create a single defence union\nD. Manage the euro

B. Provide a platform for political cooperation among EU and non-EU European states

The European Climate Law requires:\nA. Higher emissions\nB. Climate neutrality by 2050 and a binding 2030 target\nC. Ending ETS\nD. Removing renewable energy

B. Climate neutrality by 2050 and a binding 2030 target

In EU lower secondary education, the percentage in vocational programmes is approximately:\nA. 5%\nB. 15%\nC. 25%\nD. 50%

C. 25%

Environmental protection investments are highest among:\nA. Households\nB. Corporations\nC. NGOs\nD. Governments

B. Corporations

The EU’s sanitary and phytosanitary certification platform is:\nA. RAPEX\nB. TRACES\nC. CELEX\nD. EURODAC

B. TRACES

The Statute of the Council of Europe was signed in:\nA. 1992 in Maastricht\nB. 1949 in London by ten founding members\nC. 1957 in Rome\nD. 2000 in Nice

B. 1949 in London by ten founding members

The EU country with the highest onion production is:\nA. France\nB. Spain\nC. Netherlands\nD. Poland

C. Netherlands

In Parliament, a rapporteur is:\nA. A Council representative drafting EU budgets\nB. An MEP appointed to lead a legislative file and negotiations\nC. A national minister attending Council\nD. A judge advising the ECJ

B. An MEP appointed to lead a legislative file and negotiations

Interinstitutional dialogue refers to:\nA. Discussions between Member States only\nB. Structured cooperation between Parliament, Council and the Commission during law-making\nC. Dialogue with third countries\nD. Judicial hearings

B. Structured cooperation between Parliament, Council and the Commission during law-making

The Innovation Fund supports:\nA. Tourism subsidies\nB. Deployment of innovative low-carbon technologies\nC. Nuclear weapons programmes\nD. National VAT systems

B. Deployment of innovative low-carbon technologies

Industrial decarbonisation policies aim to:\nA. Increase fossil fuel dependency\nB. Support carbon-intensive sectors in reducing emissions and scaling clean technologies\nC. Remove ETS from heavy industry\nD. Ban manufacturing

B. Support carbon-intensive sectors in reducing emissions and scaling clean technologies

The European Defence Fund (EDF) finances:\nA. National armies directly\nB. Collaborative defence research and capability development\nC. NATO military operations\nD. UN peacekeeping missions

B. Collaborative defence research and capability development

Association Agreements typically include:\nA. Only political dialogue\nB. Political, economic, and sometimes trade integration with the EU\nC. Adoption of the euro\nD. Automatic EU accession

B. Political, economic, and sometimes trade integration with the EU

Under the Digital Markets Act, a gatekeeper is:\nA. Any website with ads\nB. A large digital platform with significant impact, entrenched position, and core platform services\nC. Any national telecom company\nD. A payment processor only

B. A large digital platform with significant impact, entrenched position, and core platform services

The Digital Markets Act aims to:\nA. Allow monopolies\nB. Ensure fair digital markets by imposing obligations on large platforms\nC. Deregulate platform services\nD. Remove consumer protections

B. Ensure fair digital markets by imposing obligations on large platforms

Energy-related emissions from the building sector represent roughly:\nA. 5% of EU emissions\nB. 15% of EU emissions\nC. 36% of EU emissions\nD. 70% of EU emissions

C. 36% of EU emissions

The stages of joining the EU include:\nA. Only accession treaty\nB. Application, opinion of Commission, candidate status, negotiations, screening, chapters, accession treaty, ratification\nC. Automatic membership after negotiations\nD. National referendum only

B. Application, opinion of Commission, candidate status, negotiations, screening, chapters, accession treaty, ratification

Top 3 EU cheese-producing countries are:\nA. Spain, Portugal, Ireland\nB. Germany, France, Italy\nC. Sweden, Denmark, Finland\nD. Belgium, Austria, Poland

B. Germany, France, Italy

The Eurosystem’s tasks include:\nA. National fiscal policy coordination\nB. Conducting monetary policy, managing foreign reserves, ensuring payment system stability\nC. Setting VAT levels\nD. Managing cohesion funds

B. Conducting monetary policy, managing foreign reserves, ensuring payment system stability

The European Health Data Space aims to:\nA. Ban data exchange\nB. Enable secure access, sharing and secondary use of health data across the EU\nC. Replace hospitals\nD. Remove GDPR

B. Enable secure access, sharing and secondary use of health data across the EU

The Committee of the Regions’ main role in legislation is to:\nA. Approve regulations\nB. Issue advisory opinions representing regional/local interests\nC. Replace Parliament\nD. Negotiate treaties

B. Issue advisory opinions representing regional/local interests

Europe Day marks the anniversary of:\nA. The Rome Treaties\nB. The Schuman Declaration (9 May 1950)\nC. The fall of the Berlin Wall\nD. The Maastricht Treaty

B. The Schuman Declaration (9 May 1950)

The Nature Restoration Law aims to:\nA. Increase deforestation\nB. Restore degraded ecosystems and biodiversity by binding national targets\nC. Abolish Natura 2000\nD. Privatise forests

B. Restore degraded ecosystems and biodiversity by binding national targets

A “general approach” in the Council means:\nA. Final adoption\nB. A political agreement forming the Council’s negotiation position before Parliament’s first reading\nC. A vote of no confidence\nD. ECJ preliminary ruling

B. A political agreement forming the Council’s negotiation position before Parliament’s first reading

Credit rights under EU consumer law guarantee:\nA. No information to consumers\nB. Transparent credit information, right of withdrawal, responsible lending\nC. Unlimited credit for all\nD. No regulation

B. Transparent credit information, right of withdrawal, responsible lending

Under Art. 238 TFEU, when unanimity is required, abstentions:\nA. Count as votes against\nB. Do not prevent unanimity\nC. Automatically veto the act\nD. Are not allowed

B. Do not prevent unanimity

Pay transparency rules aim to:\nA. Allow unequal pay\nB. Ensure equal pay for equal work through transparency obligations\nC. Remove reporting obligations\nD. Let employers conceal wages

B. Ensure equal pay for equal work through transparency obligations

The President of the European Court of Auditors serves:\nA. A 1-year term\nB. A renewable 3-year term elected by the Members of the Court\nC. A 7-year term appointed by Parliament\nD. A lifetime mandate

B. A renewable 3-year term elected by the Members of the Court

The European Court of Auditors is:\nA. A tax authority\nB. The EU’s external auditor ensuring accountability in EU spending\nC. A legislative chamber\nD. A state aid regulator

B. The EU’s external auditor ensuring accountability in EU spending

The Service for Foreign Policy Instruments (FPI) manages:\nA. Erasmus funds\nB. Budget for CFSP operations and crisis response\nC. Structural funds\nD. Competition fines

B. Budget for CFSP operations and crisis response

The first legal basis for EU environment policy appeared in:\nA. The Single European Act\nB. The Treaty of Amsterdam\nC. The Coal and Steel Treaty\nD. The Lisbon Treaty

A. The Single European Act

Commission evaluations assess:\nA. Only spending by Member States\nB. Performance, relevance, efficiency and EU added value of existing policies and programmes\nC. Taxation levels\nD. Judicial independence

B. Performance, relevance, efficiency and EU added value of existing policies and programmes

Food 2030 focuses on:\nA. Funding restaurants\nB. Sustainable, resilient, healthy food systems and innovation\nC. Military food supply chains\nD. Removing food standards

B. Sustainable, resilient, healthy food systems and innovation

The European Parliament quorum is:\nA. 50 MEPs\nB. One third of all MEPs\nC. All MEPs\nD. A simple majority

B. One third of all MEPs

Voices of Culture is:\nA. A military advisory group\nB. A platform for dialogue between the cultural sector and the European Commission\nC. A political party\nD. A Council committee

B. A platform for dialogue between the cultural sector and the European Commission

The Commission’s Rules of Procedure define:\nA. National laws\nB. Internal decision-making, responsibilities of Members, and functioning of the College\nC. Court procedures\nD. Monetary policy

B. Internal decision-making, responsibilities of Members, and functioning of the College

Van Gend & Loos concerned:\nA. Art. 50 TEU\nB. Art. 267 TFEU\nC. Art. 30 EEC (customs duties) and established direct effect\nD. State aid rules

C. Art. 30 EEC (customs duties) and established direct effect

The most significant energy source in the EU economy is:\nA. Coal\nB. Renewables\nC. Petroleum products\nD. Nuclear

C. Petroleum products

The European Semester is:\nA. A school term\nB. An annual cycle of EU economic, budgetary and social policy coordination\nC. A trade negotiation tool\nD. A judicial review

B. An annual cycle of EU economic, budgetary and social policy coordination

Art. 314 TFEU governs:\nA. Sanctions policy\nB. The annual EU budgetary procedure\nC. State aid enforcement\nD. CFSP voting

B. The annual EU budgetary procedure

If institutions cannot reach agreement on a joint text:\nA. The text is adopted anyway\nB. The act fails and the procedure ends\nC. The ECJ intervenes automatically\nD. The Commission decides unilaterally

B. The act fails and the procedure ends

The Single Market Programme (2021–2027) aims to:\nA. Reduce consumer protection\nB. Strengthen the Single Market, SMEs, standards, consumer protection and enforcement\nC. Fund defence missions\nD. Regulate nuclear energy

B. Strengthen the Single Market, SMEs, standards, consumer protection and enforcement

The Euratom Supply Agency ensures:\nA. Sale of nuclear weapons\nB. Security of nuclear fuel supply for the EU\nC. Only waste management\nD. Ban on nuclear energy

B. Security of nuclear fuel supply for the EU

The EU aims to reduce fertiliser use by:\nA. 5% by 2050\nB. 15% by 2027\nC. 20% by 2030\nD. 50% by 2030

D. 50% by 2030

The Farm to Fork Strategy aims to:\nA. Expand pesticide use\nB. Accelerate the transition to sustainable food systems\nC. Remove food standards\nD. Privatise agriculture

B. Accelerate the transition to sustainable food systems

Article 107 TFEU prohibits:\nA. All economic activity\nB. State aid that distorts competition in the internal market unless justified\nC. Competition between companies\nD. Public procurement

B. State aid that distorts competition in the internal market unless justified

The VAT-based own resource is capped at:\nA. 0.1% of GNI\nB. 0.3% of GNI\nC. 1% of GNI\nD. 5% of GNI

B. 0.3% of GNI

Constructive abstention applies in:\nA. Taxation\nB. CFSP decisions allowing adoption without obliging abstaining states\nC. Budget policy\nD. Cohesion funding

B. CFSP decisions allowing adoption without obliging abstaining states

The European Hydrogen Bank aims to:\nA. Ban hydrogen\nB. Scale renewable hydrogen production and investment\nC. Increase coal capacity\nD. Deregulate energy markets

B. Scale renewable hydrogen production and investment

CINEA’s core mission is to:\nA. Oversee EU competition policy\nB. Manage EU programmes supporting climate action, transport, energy, and environmental projects\nC. Supervise EU banking regulation\nD. Negotiate trade agreements

B. Manage EU programmes supporting climate action, transport, energy, and environmental projects

CINEA primarily implements:\nA. CAP payments\nB. The Connecting Europe Facility, LIFE, Horizon Europe pillars, and renewable energy mechanisms\nC. Schengen border control funds\nD. Corporate taxation directives

B. The Connecting Europe Facility, LIFE, Horizon Europe pillars, and renewable energy mechanisms

EACEA is responsible for:\nA. Administering judicial cooperation programmes\nB. Implementing EU funding for education, culture, youth, and sport\nC. Managing EU foreign policy missions\nD. Supervising cyber-security

B. Implementing EU funding for education, culture, youth, and sport

EACEA supports which flagship programme?\nA. Horizon Europe\nB. Erasmus+, Creative Europe, and the European Solidarity Corps\nC. InvestEU\nD. EU4Health

B. Erasmus+, Creative Europe, and the European Solidarity Corps

HADEA was created to:\nA. Replace the Council Secretariat\nB. Manage EU funding in health, food safety, digital technologies, and biotech\nC. Lead EU diplomacy\nD. Operate the EU’s border agency

B. Manage EU funding in health, food safety, digital technologies, and biotech

HADEA implements which major programme?\nA. Digital Europe Programme (DEP) and EU4Health\nB. CAP and CFP\nC. CSDP missions\nD. ECB monetary instruments

A. Digital Europe Programme (DEP) and EU4Health

REA supports:\nA. National taxation policies\nB. Implementation of Horizon Europe research projects and Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions\nC. External border control\nD. EU criminal justice cooperation

B. Implementation of Horizon Europe research projects and Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions

REA’s mandate focuses on:\nA. Fundamental rights protection\nB. Operational management of large-scale EU research funding\nC. Consumer protection and product safety\nD. EU diplomatic missions

B. Operational management of large-scale EU research funding

ERCEA’s unique function is to:\nA. Implement cohesion funds\nB. Administratively support the European Research Council’s frontier research grants\nC. Oversee fisheries policy\nD. Supervise the Single Market

A. Administratively support the European Research Council’s frontier research grants

ERCEA funds:\nA. Only applied industrial research\nB. Frontier, investigator-driven research across all disciplines\nC. Space missions only\nD. Military R&D exclusively

B. Frontier, investigator-driven research across all disciplines

EISMEA manages:\nA. CSDP-related defence missions\nB. EU programmes supporting innovation, SMEs, and the Single Market\nC. EU agricultural subsidies\nD. Cross-border police cooperation

B. EU programmes supporting innovation, SMEs, and the Single Market

EISMEA implements which major EU initiative?\nA. Erasmus+\nB. European Innovation Council (EIC) funding for breakthrough technologies\nC. CAP reform\nD. EU foreign aid

B. European Innovation Council (EIC) funding for breakthrough technologies

European Medicines Agency (EMA) is responsible for:\nA. Clinical trials in hospitals\nB. Scientific evaluation, supervision and safety monitoring of medicines in the EU\nC. National drug pricing\nD. Medical school accreditation

B. Scientific evaluation, supervision and safety monitoring of medicines in the EU

EMA’s centralised authorisation procedure grants:\nA. A marketing authorisation valid in all EU Member States\nB. Authorisation only for Schengen countries\nC. An optional national licence\nD. A temporary emergency licence only

A. A marketing authorisation valid in all EU Member States

European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) manages:\nA. The EU’s digital identity registry\nB. REACH, CLP and biocidal product regulations\nC. The CAP payment system\nD. State aid notifications

B. REACH, CLP and biocidal product regulations

ECHA’s primary goal is to:\nA. Harmonise agricultural markets\nB. Protect human health and the environment through better chemical control\nC. Supervise medicines\nD. Train customs officers

B. Protect human health and the environment through better chemical control

European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) provides:\nA. Final food safety legislation\nB. Scientific risk assessments on food and feed safety\nC. Border inspections of food imports\nD. Veterinary licensing

B. Scientific risk assessments on food and feed safety

EFSA supports policymaking by:\nA. Approving pesticides directly\nB. Delivering scientific opinions to guide Commission proposals\nC. Negotiating agricultural prices\nD. Supervising livestock markets

B. Delivering scientific opinions to guide Commission proposals

European Banking Authority (EBA) aims to:\nA. Supervise monetary policy\nB. Achieve consistent and high-quality banking supervision across the EU\nC. Determine ECB interest rates\nD. Inspect insurance companies

B. Achieve consistent and high-quality banking supervision across the EU

EBA develops:\nA. REACH standards\nB. Technical standards and guidelines for EU banking rules\nC. Food traceability rules\nD. Aviation safety protocols

B. Technical standards and guidelines for EU banking rules

European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) ensures:\nA. Uniform telecom pricing\nB. Investor protection and stable financial markets\nC. State aid control\nD. CAP market stabilisation

B. Investor protection and stable financial markets

ESMA directly supervises:\nA. Central banks\nB. Credit rating agencies and trade repositories\nC. National insurance regulators\nD. Customs authorities

B. Credit rating agencies and trade repositories

European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority (EIOPA) focuses on:\nA. Food security\nB. Stability and transparency in EU insurance and pensions\nC. Border management\nD. Chemical licensing

B. Stability and transparency in EU insurance and pensions

EIOPA provides:\nA. Space surveillance\nB. Stress tests, consumer protection tools and supervisory convergence\nC. EU election monitoring\nD. Maritime patrol operations

B. Stress tests, consumer protection tools and supervisory convergence

Frontex supports Member States by:\nA. Running national police forces\nB. Coordinating operational cooperation on EU external borders\nC. Setting visa policy\nD. Managing asylum applications

B. Coordinating operational cooperation on EU external borders

Frontex may deploy:\nA. Judges\nB. Standing Corps border-management officers\nC. Election observers\nD. Railway inspectors

B. Standing Corps border-management officers

European Union Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA) aims to:\nA. Regulate telecom prices\nB. Strengthen EU cybersecurity resilience\nC. Supervise banks directly\nD. Issue digital-market fines

B. Strengthen EU cybersecurity resilience

ENISA supports Member States with:\nA. NIS2 implementation and cybersecurity certification schemes\nB. Agricultural monitoring\nC. Food safety controls\nD. Asylum decisions

A. NIS2 implementation and cybersecurity certification schemes

European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) monitors:\nA. Air traffic safety\nB. Communicable disease threats in Europe\nC. Border crossings\nD. Monetary flows

B. Communicable disease threats in Europe

ECDC provides:\nA. Surveillance networks, early warnings and scientific risk assessments\nB. Hospital management systems\nC. National vaccination policies\nD. Direct pharmaceutical authorisations

A. Surveillance networks, early warnings and scientific risk assessments

European Union Agency for Asylum (EUAA) assists by:\nA. Running asylum courts\nB. Providing operational support, guidance and training to national asylum systems\nC. Granting EU citizenship\nD. Managing Schengen visas

B. Providing operational support, guidance and training to national asylum systems

EUAA may deploy:\nA. Military platoons\nB. Asylum Support Teams to Member States under pressure\nC. National police forces\nD. Diplomats

B. Asylum Support Teams to Member States under pressure

European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) manages:\nA. National patents only\nB. EU trademarks and designs\nC. Copyright disputes\nD. Industrial safety standards

B. EU trademarks and designs

EUIPO contributes to the single market by:\nA. Monitoring pesticide levels\nB. Ensuring uniform protection of EU trademarks and designs\nC. Regulating wine production\nD. Collecting environmental data

B. Ensuring uniform protection of EU trademarks and designs

European Environment Agency (EEA) produces:\nA. Judicial rulings\nB. Independent environmental data, indicators and assessments\nC. Asylum decisions\nD. Chemical safety testing

B. Independent environmental data, indicators and assessments

EEA’s goal is to:\nA. Supervise nuclear reactors\nB. Support environmental improvement through high-quality information\nC. Manage EU ports\nD. Set fuel prices

B. Support environmental improvement through high-quality information

CEPOL is the EU agency for:\nA. Police training cooperation\nB. Customs controls\nC. Maritime surveillance\nD. Environmental inspection

A. Police training cooperation

CEPOL provides:\nA. Interoperable databases\nB. EU-wide law-enforcement training and capacity building\nC. Border guard deployment\nD. Financial auditing

B. EU-wide law-enforcement training and capacity building

European Union Agency for Railways (ERA) focuses on:\nA. Highway construction\nB. Railway safety, interoperability and harmonised technical standards\nC. Aviation oversight\nD. Chemical storage

B. Railway safety, interoperability and harmonised technical standards

ERA supports:\nA. Common EU rail signalling systems (ERTMS)\nB. Space debris monitoring\nC. Fishing quota enforcement\nD. Defence procurement

A. Common EU rail signalling systems (ERTMS)

EU Satellite Centre (SatCen) provides:\nA. Environmental law enforcement\nB. Geospatial intelligence and satellite imagery analysis\nC. Visa decisions\nD. Border guard training

B. Geospatial intelligence and satellite imagery analysis

SatCen supports:\nA. CFSP and CSDP operations with imagery and analysis\nB. CAP price setting\nC. EU telecom regulation\nD. Maritime taxation decisions

A. CFSP and CSDP operations with imagery and analysis

EU Agency for the Space Programme (EUSPA) manages:\nA. Nuclear waste transport\nB. Galileo, EGNOS and space-related security accreditation\nC. Soil quality inspections\nD. Marine conservation

B. Galileo, EGNOS and space-related security accreditation

EUSPA also promotes:\nA. Consumer rights\nB. Space downstream markets, innovation and secure navigation services\nC. Retail price stability\nD. Judicial cooperation

B. Space downstream markets, innovation and secure navigation services

European Training Foundation (ETF) focuses on:\nA. Cybersecurity\nB. Human capital development and vocational training in EU neighbourhood countries\nC. Nuclear research\nD. Satellite operations

B. Human capital development and vocational training in EU neighbourhood countries

ETF supports:\nA. National asylum systems\nB. Vocational education reform and labour-market adaptation\nC. Energy market integration\nD. Competition enforcement

B. Vocational education reform and labour-market adaptation

EU Agency for Occupational Safety and Health (EU-OSHA) aims to:\nA. Supervise police operations\nB. Improve workplace health and safety across the EU\nC. Enforce immigration rules\nD. Manage nuclear plants

B. Improve workplace health and safety across the EU

EU-OSHA provides:\nA. Cybersecurity certification\nB. Risk assessment tools, research and awareness campaigns\nC. Judicial rulings\nD. Satellite mapping

B. Risk assessment tools, research and awareness campaigns

Eurofound studies:\nA. Fraud and corruption\nB. Living and working conditions, industrial relations and labour market trends\nC. Plant health\nD. Foreign policy

B. Living and working conditions, industrial relations and labour market trends

Eurofound supports policymaking by:\nA. Conducting clinical trials\nB. Providing comparative socio-economic research and surveys\nC. Issuing binding social rules\nD. Inspecting national parliaments

B. Providing comparative socio-economic research and surveys

Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators (ACER) ensures:\nA. Tax harmonisation\nB. Proper functioning, integration and transparency of EU energy markets\nC. Airline safety\nD. Agricultural price stabilisation

B. Proper functioning, integration and transparency of EU energy markets

ACER works with:\nA. Europol and Eurojust\nB. National energy regulators to coordinate cross-border energy infrastructure and market rules\nC. ECB to set fuel prices\nD. EEA to regulate waste

B. National energy regulators to coordinate cross-border energy infrastructure and market rules

European Fisheries Control Agency (EFCA) coordinates:\nA. National fisheries subsidies\nB. Operational cooperation among Member States for fisheries control and inspection\nC. Port construction\nD. Maritime border returns

B. Operational cooperation among Member States for fisheries control and inspection

EFCA’s core mission is to:\nA. Grant fishing licences\nB. Ensure uniform application of the Common Fisheries Policy’s control rules\nC. Negotiate fish quotas with Norway\nD. Collect customs duties

B. Ensure uniform application of the Common Fisheries Policy’s control rules

European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) is responsible for:\nA. Approving airline ticket prices\nB. Aviation safety certification and regulation in the EU\nC. Port security inspections\nD. Customs controls

B. Aviation safety certification and regulation in the EU

EASA develops:\nA. Fisheries rules\nB. Aviation safety standards, airworthiness rules and pilot licensing requirements\nC. Railway timetables\nD. Pesticide authorisations

B. Aviation safety standards, airworthiness rules and pilot licensing requirements

European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training (CEDEFOP) supports:\nA. Nuclear technology development\nB. Vocational education and training systems in EU Member States\nC. Maritime customs operations\nD. Food import inspections

B. Vocational education and training systems in EU Member States

CEDEFOP provides:\nA. Labour-market forecasting and VET research\nB. Military training assessments\nC. Rail-network interoperability rules\nD. Competition rulings

A. Labour-market forecasting and VET research

European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions (Eurofound) contributes to:\nA. Foreign policy decision-making\nB. Evidence-based insights on living and working conditions in the EU\nC. State aid approval\nD. Border surveillance

B. Evidence-based insights on living and working conditions in the EU

Eurofound publishes:\nA. Annual audits\nB. Surveys and comparative analyses on employment and social trends\nC. Binding labour laws\nD. EU-wide mortgage rules

B. Surveys and comparative analyses on employment and social trends

European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA, now EUDA) specialises in:\nA. Commercial drug licensing\nB. Monitoring drug use, drug markets and providing evidence-based analysis\nC. Prison inspections\nD. Border drug seizures only

B. Monitoring drug use, drug markets and providing evidence-based analysis

EMCDDA/EUDA supports Member States by:\nA. Coordinating arrests\nB. Sharing early-warning alerts and high-quality data on emerging drug threats\nC. Negotiating health treaties\nD. Managing hospitals

B. Sharing early-warning alerts and high-quality data on emerging drug threats

European Maritime Safety Agency (EMSA) aims to:\nA. Regulate fishing fleets\nB. Enhance maritime safety, pollution response and vessel monitoring\nC. Manage EU ports\nD. Approve ship design patents

B. Enhance maritime safety, pollution response and vessel monitoring

EMSA provides:\nA. Military naval training\nB. Satellite-based ship tracking and pollution monitoring services (CleanSeaNet)\nC. Customs duties collection\nD. Fisheries patrols

B. Satellite-based ship tracking and pollution monitoring services (CleanSeaNet)

European Union Agency for Law Enforcement Training (CEPOL) supports:\nA. Airline safety\nB. Police cooperation through training programmes and knowledge exchange\nC. Competition enforcement\nD. Satellite monitoring

B. Police cooperation through training programmes and knowledge exchange

CEPOL focuses on:\nA. Maritime policing only\nB. Strengthening cross-border law-enforcement skills and interoperability\nC. Regulating firearms trade\nD. Raising agricultural standards

B. Strengthening cross-border law-enforcement skills and interoperability

European Union Agency for the Operational Management of Large-Scale IT Systems (eu-LISA) manages:\nA. Agriculture subsidies\nB. Core EU justice and home affairs databases (Eurodac, SIS, VIS)\nC. EU fiscal transfers\nD. Fisheries quotas

B. Core EU justice and home affairs databases (Eurodac, SIS, VIS)

eu-LISA ensures:\nA. CCTV installation across Europe\nB. Secure, interoperable and reliable operation of EU-wide information systems\nC. Customs patrol coordination\nD. Banking compliance

B. Secure, interoperable and reliable operation of EU-wide information systems

European Border and Coast Guard Agency (Frontex) supports:\nA. Internal market surveillance\nB. External border management and operational assistance to Member States\nC. Competition investigations\nD. Food safety

B. External border management and operational assistance to Member States

Frontex’s mandate includes:\nA. Agricultural reform\nB. Joint operations, return assistance and risk analysis\nC. Setting visa fees\nD. Maritime trade regulation

B. Joint operations, return assistance and risk analysis

European Union Agency for Criminal Justice Cooperation (Eurojust) provides:\nA. Police patrols\nB. Coordination in cross-border criminal investigations and prosecutions\nC. EU-wide surveillance\nD. Environmental monitoring

B. Coordination in cross-border criminal investigations and prosecutions

Eurojust assists with:\nA. Setting prison sentences\nB. Joint investigation teams and judicial cooperation tools\nC. CAP implementation\nD. Railway safety

B. Joint investigation teams and judicial cooperation tools

Agency for Support for BEREC (BEREC Office) supports:\nA. Maritime safety rules\nB. EU telecom market regulation by assisting the Body of European Regulators for Electronic Communications\nC. Electricity grid supervision\nD. Banking stress tests

B. EU telecom market regulation by assisting the Body of European Regulators for Electronic Communications

BEREC Office provides:\nA. Spectrum allocation decisions\nB. Administrative, analytical and expert support to BEREC’s regulatory work\nC. Police intelligence reports\nD. Border screening tools

B. Administrative, analytical and expert support to BEREC’s regulatory work

European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) focuses on:\nA. Industrial emissions\nB. Monitoring communicable diseases across Europe\nC. Domestic healthcare management\nD. Consumer price inflation

B. Monitoring communicable diseases across Europe

ECDC contributes to:\nA. Early-warning systems and scientific evaluations for public-health threats\nB. Setting national vaccination laws\nC. Hospital administration\nD. Climate adaptation

B. Early-warning systems and scientific evaluations for public-health threats

European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (EU-OSHA) promotes:\nA. Environmental compliance only\nB. Workplace safety and well-being across Europe\nC. Judicial independence\nD. Energy-market stability

B. Workplace safety and well-being across Europe

EU-OSHA produces:\nA. Taxation guidance\nB. Risk-assessment tools, forecasts and research to improve working conditions\nC. Traffic regulations\nD. Defence procurement rules

B. Risk-assessment tools, forecasts and research to improve working conditions

European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) provides:\nA. Nuclear research\nB. Independent advice on fundamental rights, non-discrimination and rule-of-law issues\nC. Direct court rulings\nD. Financial audits

B. Independent advice on fundamental rights, non-discrimination and rule-of-law issues

FRA supports:\nA. Space-policy design\nB. EU institutions and Member States with data, surveys and comparative legal analysis\nC. Bank supervision\nD. Competition cases

B. EU institutions and Member States with data, surveys and comparative legal analysis

European Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators (ACER) works to:\nA. Supervise electricity and gas markets and ensure cross-border regulatory coordination\nB. Enforce CAP rules\nC. Run trade negotiations\nD. Supervise medicine trials

A. Supervise electricity and gas markets and ensure cross-border regulatory coordination

ACER monitors:\nA. Energy companies’ HR policies\nB. Market transparency via REMIT and cross-border infrastructure planning\nC. Regional agricultural funds\nD. Airport emissions

B. Market transparency via REMIT and cross-border infrastructure planning

European Union Agency for the Space Programme (EUSPA) manages:\nA. VAT enforcement\nB. Galileo, EGNOS and Copernicus security accreditation\nC. Border inspections\nD. Pesticide approvals

B. Galileo, EGNOS and Copernicus security accreditation

EUSPA aims to:\nA. Reduce maritime emissions\nB. Support innovation and secure satellite navigation services for EU users\nC. Regulate nuclear trade\nD. Set consumer-protection fines

B. Support innovation and secure satellite navigation services for EU users

European Maritime Safety Agency (EMSA) provides:\nA. Trade-negotiation modelling\nB. Support on maritime safety, pollution response, and vessel monitoring\nC. Rail-interoperability rules\nD. Food-risk assessments

B. Support on maritime safety, pollution response, and vessel monitoring

EMSA supports Member States using:\nA. National troops\nB. Satellite-based clean-seas monitoring and vessel-tracking tools\nC. Judicial databases\nD. Asylum teams

B. Satellite-based clean-seas monitoring and vessel-tracking tools

Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) consists of:\nA. ECJ and General Court\nB. ECJ only\nC. GC only\nD. ECJ, GC, and Parliament

A. ECJ and General Court

CJEU’s primary function is to:\nA. Judge national constitutional disputes\nB. Ensure uniform interpretation and application of EU law\nC. Supervise NATO operations\nD. Manage EU budget

B. Ensure uniform interpretation and application of EU law

The Court of Justice (ECJ) mainly hears:\nA. Staff cases only\nB. Preliminary rulings and high-level institutional actions\nC. Maritime disputes\nD. National tax appeals

B. Preliminary rulings and high-level institutional actions

ECJ sits in:\nA. Paris\nB. Brussels\nC. Luxembourg\nD. Strasbourg

C. Luxembourg

The General Court (GC) primarily hears:\nA. Appeals from ECJ\nB. Direct actions brought by individuals, companies, and Member States in specific areas\nC. CFSP military disputes\nD. Preliminary references

B. Direct actions brought by individuals, companies, and Member States in specific areas

GC jurisdiction includes:\nA. Competition fines, sanctions, state aid, IP disputes\nB. Criminal prosecutions\nC. National taxation\nD. Election disputes

A. Competition fines, sanctions, state aid, IP disputes

Preliminary rulings concern:\nA. Whether a Member State can join EU\nB. Interpretation or validity of EU law requested by national courts\nC. EP elections\nD. NATO treaties

B. Interpretation or validity of EU law requested by national courts

Mandatory preliminary reference applies:\nA. To all courts\nB. Only to highest national courts when no appeal is possible\nC. Only to commercial courts\nD. Only to constitutional courts

B. Only to highest national courts when no appeal is possible

The language of the case is:\nA. Always English\nB. Always French\nC. The language of the proceedings before the referring national court or applicant\nD. German for appeals

C. The language of the proceedings before the referring national court or applicant

The working language of the CJEU is:\nA. English\nB. German\nC. French\nD. Italian

C. French

ECJ Judges are appointed:\nA. By Parliament vote\nB. By the European Council by unanimity of Member States\nC. By the Commission\nD. Through a public election

B. By the European Council by unanimity of Member States

Term of office for ECJ Judges and Advocates General is:\nA. 3 years\nB. 5 years\nC. 6 years, renewable\nD. 10 years non-renewable

C. 6 years, renewable

Advocates General provide:\nA. Binding opinions\nB. Independent, non-binding legal opinions clarifying cases\nC. Political evaluations\nD. Enforcement actions

B. Independent, non-binding legal opinions clarifying cases

There are currently:\nA. 5 Advocates General\nB. 8 Advocates General\nC. 11 Advocates General\nD. 27 Advocates General

C. 11 Advocates General

Annulment actions (Art. 263 TFEU) allow challenge of:\nA. National laws\nB. EU acts alleged to violate Treaty rules or fundamental rights\nC. Military decisions\nD. Trade disputes

B. EU acts alleged to violate Treaty rules or fundamental rights

Privileged applicants include:\nA. NGOs only\nB. Member States, Parliament, Council, Commission\nC. Companies only\nD. Consumers

B. Member States, Parliament, Council, Commission

Non-privileged applicants must show:\nA. Broad public interest\nB. Direct and individual concern\nC. National support\nD. Parliamentary approval

B. Direct and individual concern

Time limit to bring an annulment action is:\nA. 10 days\nB. 1 month\nC. 2 months\nD. 1 year

C. 2 months

Failure to act actions (Art. 265 TFEU) apply when:\nA. Member States fail national duties\nB. EU institutions fail to act where legally required\nC. Parliament fails to elect a President\nD. Commission does not approve CAP rules

B. EU institutions fail to act where legally required

Infringement proceedings (Arts. 258–259 TFEU) can be brought by:\nA. Parliament only\nB. Commission or another Member State\nC. Companies\nD. Ombudsman

B. Commission or another Member State

State liability (Francovich doctrine) emerged from:\nA. ECJ advisory opinion\nB. Case law granting compensation when Member States breach EU law causing individual loss\nC. Treaty amendments\nD. EP consent

B. Case law granting compensation when Member States breach EU law causing individual loss

Primacy of EU law was established in:\nA. Bosman\nB. Costa v ENEL\nC. Defrenne\nD. Åkerberg Fransson

B. Costa v ENEL

Direct effect was established in:\nA. Cassis de Dijon\nB. Van Gend en Loos (1963)\nC. Keck\nD. Schrems

B. Van Gend en Loos (1963)

Mutual recognition was established in:\nA. Cassis de Dijon (1979)\nB. Francovich\nC. Kadi I\nD. Viking

A. Cassis de Dijon (1979)

Kadi I judgment decided:\nA. UN law always prevails\nB. EU fundamental rights prevail over conflicting UN Security Council measures\nC. WTO rules override EU rules\nD. CFSP excludes judicial review

B. EU fundamental rights prevail over conflicting UN Security Council measures

Bosman case concerns:\nA. Goods’ free movement\nB. Workers’ free movement in sport transfers\nC. Environmental obligations\nD. Direct taxation

B. Workers’ free movement in sport transfers

General Court hears most appeals in:\nA. State aid and banking supervision\nB. CAP payments\nC. Military procurement\nD. Fundamental rights

A. State aid and banking supervision

General Court also hears:\nA. Most trademark and IP disputes via EUIPO appeals\nB. Nuclear safety cases\nC. CSDP sanctions appeals always\nD. Asylum cases only

A. Most trademark and IP disputes via EUIPO appeals

Grand Chamber of the ECJ consists of:\nA. 5 judges\nB. 11 judges\nC. 15 judges\nD. All judges

C. 15 judges

Full Court sits:\nA. Weekly\nB. Monthly\nC. Only for cases of exceptional importance or removal of officials\nD. Every year

C. Only for cases of exceptional importance or removal of officials

Civil Service Tribunal existed:\nA. From 2005–2016 to hear EU staff disputes\nB. For CAP appeals only\nC. As EP disciplinary body\nD. As judicial training school

A. From 2005–2016 to hear EU staff disputes

It was merged back into:\nA. ECJ\nB. Council\nC. General Court (2016)\nD. Ombudsman

C. General Court (2016)

CJEU cannot hear:\nA. CFSP military operations issues (with limited exceptions)\nB. Preliminary references\nC. Annulment actions\nD. Infringement cases

A. CFSP military operations issues (with limited exceptions)

CJEU interprets:\nA. National constitutions\nB. Treaties, Charter of Fundamental Rights, and EU secondary law\nC. WTO law\nD. NATO rules

B. Treaties, Charter of Fundamental Rights, and EU secondary law

Interventions before the Court may be made by:\nA. Only Commission\nB. Member States, institutions, and sometimes individuals\nC. NATO members\nD. National courts

B. Member States, institutions, and sometimes individuals

Languages of judgment publication are:\nA. Only French\nB. All official EU languages\nC. Only English and French\nD. National language of applicant

B. All official EU languages

Appeals from General Court go to ECJ on:\nA. Facts only\nB. Points of law only\nC. Politics\nD. Public interest

B. Points of law only

Interim measures (Art. 278–279 TFEU) allow the Court to:\nA. Amend national laws\nB. Suspend contested EU acts where urgently required\nC. Remove Commissioners\nD. Change Parliament votes

B. Suspend contested EU acts where urgently required

Enhanced cooperation cases may be reviewed:\nA. Only by Parliament\nB. By CJEU regarding legality of enhanced-cooperation decisions\nC. By NATO commanders\nD. By Ombudsman

B. By CJEU regarding legality of enhanced-cooperation decisions

Opinion procedure (Art. 218(11) TFEU) allows Court to:\nA. Set foreign policy\nB. Review compatibility of proposed international agreements with Treaties\nC. Stop elections\nD. Approve budgets

B. Review compatibility of proposed international agreements with Treaties

Staff cases now fall under:\nA. The ECJ\nB. General Court since the Tribunal was dissolved\nC. Parliament\nD. Council

B. General Court since the Tribunal was dissolved

EUIPO appeals reach:\nA. Council\nB. General Court\nC. National courts\nD. Commission

B. General Court

Judicial panels may be created:\nA. By ECJ decree\nB. By Parliament alone\nC. By Council via ordinary legislative procedure (never used after Lisbon)\nD. By NATO

C. By Council via ordinary legislative procedure (never used after Lisbon)

CJEU case law binds:\nA. Only parties\nB. All Member States and EU institutions\nC. Only Commission\nD. National parliaments only

B. All Member States and EU institutions

The General Affairs Council (GAC) mainly deals with:\nA. CFSP missions and sanctions\nB. Preparing European Council meetings and ensuring overall consistency of Council work\nC. Eurozone monetary policy\nD. Agriculture market measures

B. Preparing European Council meetings and ensuring overall consistency of Council work

The GAC is usually composed of:\nA. Ministers for foreign affairs only\nB. Ministers responsible for European affairs or foreign affairs with EU portfolio\nC. Finance ministers only\nD. Defence ministers

B. Ministers responsible for European affairs or foreign affairs with EU portfolio

The Foreign Affairs Council (FAC) is unique among Council formations because:\nA. It meets only once a year\nB. It is permanently chaired by the High Representative, not the rotating presidency\nC. It legislates without Parliament\nD. It sits in Luxembourg only

B. It is permanently chaired by the High Representative, not the rotating presidency

The FAC primarily deals with:\nA. Internal market legislation\nB. CAP reform and fisheries quotas\nC. EU external action, CFSP, CSDP, trade and development aspects\nD. EU budget negotiations

C. EU external action, CFSP, CSDP, trade and development aspects

The Economic and Financial Affairs Council (ECOFIN) is mainly composed of:\nA. Ministers of justice\nB. Ministers of finance and economy\nC. Interior ministers\nD. Agriculture ministers

B. Ministers of finance and economy

ECOFIN primarily deals with:\nA. Trade agreements only\nB. Taxation, economic policy coordination, financial markets, and budgetary issues\nC. Defence and security\nD. Education and youth

B. Taxation, economic policy coordination, financial markets, and budgetary issues

The Agriculture and Fisheries Council (AGRIFISH) brings together:\nA. Ministers of environment and health\nB. National agriculture and fisheries ministers\nC. Transport ministers\nD. Finance ministers

B. National agriculture and fisheries ministers

AGRIFISH is responsible for:\nA. CAP, CFP and related market and rural development measures\nB. CFSP missions\nC. Eurozone governance\nD. Competition policy

A. CAP, CFP and related market and rural development measures

The Environment Council configuration is composed of:\nA. Defence ministers\nB. Ministers for the environment and climate\nC. Finance ministers\nD. Justice ministers

B. Ministers for the environment and climate

The Environment Council’s core responsibilities include:\nA. VAT harmonisation\nB. Environmental protection, climate policy and circular economy legislation\nC. Police cooperation\nD. Trade defence instruments

B. Environmental protection, climate policy and circular economy legislation

The Competitiveness Council groups together ministers responsible for:\nA. Agriculture and fisheries\nB. Internal market, industry, research and space\nC. Justice and home affairs\nD. Foreign affairs

B. Internal market, industry, research and space

The main objective of the Competitiveness Council is to:\nA. Coordinate police operations\nB. Enhance competitiveness and productivity through single market, industrial and research policies\nC. Set ECB interest rates\nD. Manage asylum policy

B. Enhance competitiveness and productivity through single market, industrial and research policies

The Transport, Telecommunications and Energy Council (TTE) is unusual because:\nA. It meets only once a year\nB. It covers three major network sectors: transport, telecoms and energy\nC. It is chaired by the HR/VP\nD. It has no legislative role

B. It covers three major network sectors: transport, telecoms and energy

The Justice and Home Affairs Council (JHA) brings together:\nA. Defence ministers\nB. Environment ministers\nC. Ministers of justice and/or interior\nD. Finance ministers

C. Ministers of justice and/or interior

The Justice and Home Affairs Council (JHA) brings together:\nA. Defence ministers\nB. Environment ministers\nC. Ministers of justice and/or interior\nD. Finance ministers

C. Ministers of justice and/or interior

The Employment, Social Policy, Health and Consumer Affairs Council (EPSCO) deals with:\nA. Competition law only\nB. Employment, labour law, social protection, public health and consumer protection\nC. Fisheries quotas\nD. Foreign policy

B. Employment, labour law, social protection, public health and consumer protection

EPSCO ministers are typically:\nA. Finance ministers and central bank governors\nB. Ministers for employment, social affairs, health and consumer protection\nC. Defence ministers\nD. Transport ministers

B. Ministers for employment, social affairs, health and consumer protection

The Education, Youth, Culture and Sport Council (EYCS) gathers ministers responsible for:\nA. Foreign affairs\nB. Banking supervision\nC. Education, youth, culture, audiovisual policy and sport\nD. Agriculture

C. Education, youth, culture, audiovisual policy and sport

A key objective of the EYCS Council is to:\nA. Coordinate monetary policy\nB. Promote mobility, inclusion, cultural diversity and participation of young people in European society\nC. Set customs tariffs\nD. Approve competition fines

B. Promote mobility, inclusion, cultural diversity and participation of young people in European society

EU Training Flashcards

(375 cards)