Blood

Question 1

Normal ratio of what makes up blood

Answer 1

55% plasma
<1% Leukocytes + platelets
45% Erythrocytes

Question 2

Normal vs Anemia vs Polycythemia

Answer 2

Anemia- Too little erythrocytes (RBC)

Polycythemia- Too much erythrocytes

Question 3

what are Erythrocytes, Leucocytes and Thromboplastids

Answer 3

Erythrocytes- RBC
Leucocytes- WBC
Thromboplastids- Platelets

Question 4

What are the 3 main blood proteins

Answer 4

• Albumins (maintain osmotic pressure)
• gama globulins
• Fibrinogen (clotting agent

Question 5

What happens in beta thalasssemia

Answer 5

• Prod of beta globin chains is severely impaired

- results in severe microcytic hypochomic amenia

Question 6

Treatment of beta thalassemia

Answer 6

-Patients recieving transfusion therapy also require iron chelation because since RBC are being destroyed there is too much iron in blood

Question 7

Erythrocyte cell membrane: Glycophorin A and C functions

Answer 7

A- give rise to the MN blood groups

C- Cell shape

Question 8

Erythrocyte cell memrane; Carbohydrate function

Answer 8

• Acts as antigens, A + B

Question 9

Can a person with RH+ blood recieve blood from an RH-

Answer 9

Yes

- But if a person with RH- blood can debelop RH antibodies if they recieve blood from person with RH+

Question 10

what two blood tppes can recieve all blood types

Answer 10

AB+, AB-

Question 11

what two categories are WBC split up into

Answer 11

Agranulocytes- those without specific granulocytes (lymphocytes, monocytes)

Granular- those housing specific granules ( basophils, neurtrophils, eosinophils)

Question 12

Neutrophils (percentage of WBC, task )

Answer 12

60-70% of total leukocyte pop

• Main task is to first come to acute bacterial infection
• granules have ingredients that will destroy bacteria

Question 13

What is chemotaxis

Answer 13

The movement of leukocytes from the vessel lumen into into a damaged area is called chemotaxis and is mediated by substances known as chemotactic factors, that diffuse from the area of tissue damage.

Question 14

Eosenophils (percentage of WBC, task)

Answer 14

• <4% of WBC
• function in parasitic infections and phagocytosing antigen-antibody complexes
• migrate to area by binding to histamine

Question 15

Basophils (percentage of WBC, task)

Answer 15

• Less than 1%

- Function similar to mast cells

Question 16

Monocytes (percentage, what makes up this)

Answer 16

• 3-8%
• no specific ganules
• Macrophages

Question 17

Macrophage

Answer 17

-prodice cytokines that activate the inflammatory response and also the proliferation and maturation of other cells

Question 18

Lymphocytes (percentage, 3 catgeories)

Answer 18

• 25-30%
  1. B cells
  2. T Cells
  3. Null cells (Stem + Natural Killers)

Question 19

Platelets function

Answer 19

• If the endothelial lining of a blood vessel is disrupted and platelets come in contact w the subendothelial collegen tehy become actibated and release their contents to adhere to damaged wall

Question 20

what two vit are essential for clotting

Answer 20

Calcium and Vit K

Question 21

Coagulating factors function

Answer 21

• Protein materials in blood

- Function consits of sticking together after activation w the blood panels and sealing developed leakages

Question 22

Hemophiliia

Answer 22

The blood does not clot normal; thus bleeds for a longer time

Question 23

What is hemophilia linked with

Answer 23

X linked

Question 24

Red vs Yellow bone marrow

Answer 24

Red- rich in erythrocytes

Yellow- rich in fat (late teens)