Bonding + Structure Pt2

Question 1

Define ionic bonding

Answer 1

The strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions

Question 2

How does ionic radius effect the melting point of an ion

Answer 2

• smaller ions have smaller ionic radii
• greater electrostatic attraction
• ions smaller and closely packed
• increasing melting point

Question 3

How does ionic charge effect the melting point of an ion

Answer 3

• greater charge = stronger ionic bond
• have a higher charge density
• increase melting point

Question 4

How does ionic radius change down a group and why

Answer 4

It increases
- all have the same charge however number of electron shells increases

Question 5

What are isoelectronic ions

Answer 5

Ions with the same number of electrons

Question 6

From N3- to O2- how does ionic radius change and why

Answer 6

• ionic radius decreases
• all have the same number of electrons so equal number of electron shells
• number of protons increase so greater nuclear charge
• decreasing ionic radius

Question 7

What type of structure do ionic compounds form

Answer 7

Giant ionic lattices

Question 8

Physical properties of ionic compounds

Answer 8

• high melting point
• soluble in water but not non-polar solvents
• doesn’t conduct electricity when solid but does when molten or dissolved
• brittle, cannot be shaped

Question 9

What does high melting point in ions explain

Answer 9

• ions held together by a strong attraction
• fits ion model as positive and negative ions strongly attracted

Question 10

What does being soluble in water but not non-polar solvents show

Answer 10

• particles charged
• ions pulled apart by polar molecules like water but not by non-polar molecules

Question 11

What does not conducting electricity when solid but when molten or dissolved show

Answer 11

• supports idea of ions present in fixed position by strong ionic bonds when solid but free to move (and carry a charge) when liquid or in solution

Question 12

What property supports Lattice model and why

Answer 12

• ionic compounds are brittle
• putting layers of the compound over each other will cause repulsion between the two equally charged ions
• very strong repulsion so will break