A-level chemistry > Group 7 > Flashcards

Group 7 Flashcards

(43 cards)

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1
Q

describe the trend in atomic radius

A
  • atomic radius increases down the group
  • due to additional electron shells
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2
Q

describe the trend in oxidising power

A
  • oxidising power decreases down the group
  • increase in shielding + atomic radius makes it harder to attract electrons
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3
Q

describe the trend in boiling and melting temperature

A
  • melting and boiling temperature increases down the group
  • due to increase in relative atomic mass, increasing strength of London forces in the simple covalent molecule so more energy is required to overcome them
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4
Q

describe the trend in reactivity

A
  • reactivity decreases down the group
  • due to increase in atomic radius
  • due to additional electron shells the positive attraction of the nucleus decreases
  • harder to attract an electron
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5
Q

describe the trend in electronegativity

A
  • electronegativity decreases down the group
  • atomic radius + electron shielding increase
  • electrons are more easily removed due to less strong attraction to the nucleus
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6
Q

describe the trend in reducing power

A
  • reducing power increases down the group
  • electrons are easier to lose from larger ions
  • due to increased shielding and atomic radius
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7
Q

what is involved in a redox reaction

A

halide + sulfuric acid

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8
Q

NaF + H2SO4 –>

A

NaHSO4 + HF

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9
Q

NaCl + H2SO4 –>

A

NaHSO4 + HCl

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10
Q

what are HCl, HF, HI and HBr

A

misty fumes

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11
Q

why is there only one reaction with HF and HCl when reacting with H2SO4

A

because they aren’t strong enough to reduce the H2SO4 any further so there are no further reactions

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12
Q

all reactions of NaBr + H2SO4

A

NaBr + H2SO4 –> NaHSO4 + HBr
2HBr + H2SO4 –> Br2 + SO2 + 2H2O

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13
Q

What is Br2

A

orange fumes

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14
Q

what is SO2

A

choking fumes

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15
Q

describe the reaction between HBr and H2SO4

A

HBr reduces HsSO4

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16
Q

all reactions of NaI + H2SO4

A

NaI + H2SO4 –> NaHSO4 + HI
2HI + H2SO4 –> I2 + SO2 + 2H20
6I2 + SO2 –> H2S + 3I2 + 2H2O

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17
Q

what is H2S

A

toxic gas

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18
Q

describe what happens in the reaction between NaI + h2SO4

Study These Flashcards
A
  • HI reduces H2SO4
  • HI further reduces the SO2
19
Q

What reaction is chlorine with water

Study These Flashcards
A

disproportionation

20
Q

Cl2 + H2O (with oxidation numbers)

Study These Flashcards
A

Cl2 + H2O –> ClO- + Cl- + 2H+
(0)—————–(+1)—-(-1)——–

21
Q

write the reaction involved in the formation of bleach (sodium chlorate (I))

Study These Flashcards
A

2NaOH + Cl2 –> NaClO + NaCl + H2O
—————(0)———(+1)——-(-1)——-

22
Q

write the reaction between chlorine and hot, concentrated sodium hydroxide

Study These Flashcards
A

3Cl2 + 6NaOH –> NaClO3 + 5NaCl + 3H2O
-(0)————————–(+5)———(-1)————-

23
Q

what forms when you react Chloride ion with AgNO3

Study These Flashcards
A

white precipitate (AgCl)

24
Q

what forms when you react bromide ion with AgNO3

Study These Flashcards
A

cream precipitate (AgBr)

25
what forms when you react iodide ion with AgNO3
yellow precipitate (AgI)
26
what happens when you react AgCl with dilute NH3
precipitate dissolves
27
what happens when you react AgI and AgBr with dilute NH3
nothing happens
28
what happens when you react concentrated NH3 with Br- ion and Cl- ion
precipitate formed from AgNO3 dissolves
29
what happens when you react concentrated NH3 with I- ion
nothing happens
30
what do hydrogen halides react with ammonia gas to form
ammonium salts
31
HCl + NH3 -->
NH4Cl
32
what is NH4Cl
a strong acid in solution
33
what forms when you react hydrogen halides with water
dilute acids which disassociate to release halide and hydrogen ions
34
what do hydrogen ions form with water
hydroxonium ions, creating an acidic solution
35
HCl + H2O -->
Cl- + H30+
36
What colour and state is fluorine at Room Temperature
- yellow - gas
37
What colour and state is chlorine at room temperature
- green - gas
38
What colour and state is bromine at room temperature
- brown - liquid
39
What colour and state is iodine at room temperature
- dark grey - solid
40
What electron configurations do halogens all have
S2P5 outer shell configurations
41
What type of covalent molecules are halogens
Diatomic covalent (two halogen atoms share a pair of electrons)
42
Describe halogens in terms of displacement
A more reactive halogen will displace a less reactive halogen from its halide salt
43
A-level chemistry
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