BPH

Question 1

What is the definition of BPH?

Answer 1

Enlargement of the prostate

Question 2

How common is BPH?

Answer 2

Very common

Question 3

What is the pathology of BPH?

Answer 3

• Hyperplasia of both glandular and connective tissue

* Likely due to a failure of apoptosis

Question 4

What are the risk factors/aetiology of BPH?

Answer 4

• Age >60

* Afro-American origin

Question 5

What are the signs/symptoms of BPH?

Answer 5

• Frequency
• Nocturia
• Hesitancy
• Dribbling
• Acute urinary retention/retention with overflow incontinenc
• Palpable bladder
• Enlarged smooth prostate felt in PR exam

Question 6

What diseases present similarly to BPH?

Answer 6

• Lower urinary tract infection
• Bladder stones
• Prostate/bladder cancer

Question 7

What investigations are conducted for suspected BPH?

Answer 7

• PSA
• U&E’s
• Serum electrolytes
• Urine dipstick
• Renal US
• Prostate biopsy

Question 8

What are the surgical treatments for BPH?

Answer 8

• Prostatectomy
• Transurethral resection of prostate (TURP)
• Urethral/suprapubic catheterisation

Question 9

What are the pharmacological treatments for BPH?

Answer 9

• Selective α1 adrenoceptor antagonists e.g. tamsulosin

* 5α reductase inhibitor

Question 10

What are the non pharmacological treatments for BPH?

Answer 10

• Do nothing and watch for mild symptoms
• Healthy diet
• Exercise