Literal
A literal is a piece of data that is written directly into a program’s code.(constant values that are assigned to the variables)
Variable
A variable is a storage location in the computer’s memory.
Cout
It is standart output object(stream output operator)A useful component for printing literals.When double quotation marks enclosed together it displays.
Identifier
An identifier is a programmer-defined name that identifies an element of a program,such as a variable
Key Words
The keyworda make up the core of the language and have a specific purpose(const,int,double,auto,cin,true,continue)
Data Types
numeric values-character
Char
The char data type is used to store the individual characters.
Mantissa
The part of the number before the E
bool data type
Represent values that are true or false.Bool variables are stored as small integers
auto
Auto is a keyword tell the compiler to determine the variable’s data type from the initialization value.The compiler automatically determines the data type of the variable.auot is a type specifier.It enables type deduction
Scope
The scope of a variable is the part of the program in which the variable can be accessed.A variable cannot be used before it is defined.
cin
cin is the standart input object.It is used to read input from the keyboard.
> >
It is called stream extraction operator,which extracts information from the input stream so it can be used in the program
input buffer(keyboard buffer)
When the user is enters characters from
Type Coercion
When C++ working with an operator it strives to convert the operands to the same type.This aoutomatic conversion is known as type coercion
Promotion
When a value is converted to a higher data type, it is said to be promoted
Demotion
When a value is converted to a lower data type,it is said to be demoted
Overflow
When a variable is assigned a value that is too large for its data type,IT OVERFLOWS(Değişken maksimum sınırına ulaştığında bir birim daha eklerseniz minimum değerine döner.)
Underflows
When a variable is assigned a value that is too small for its data type,IT UNDERFLOWS(Değişken minimum sınırındayken bir birim çıkarırsak maximum değerine sıçrar)
Type Casting
Type casting allows you to perform manual data type conversion
combined assignment operators
compound operators
arithmetic assignment operators
Combine dassignment operators are designed specifically for changing the value of a variable without having to type the variable name twice
fixed-point notation
notation in which a floating-point number is displayed with a fixed number of digits after the decimal point
random engine
It is an object that generates a random sequence of bits
Hand Tracing
Hand Tracing is a debugging process where you pretend that you are the computer executing a program
