Cardiomyopathy

Question 1

Cardiomyopathy

Answer 1

• cardiac muscle disorder

- involves both mechanical & electrical etiologies of myocardial dysfunction

Question 2

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Answer 2

• Increased thickening of left ventricle, sometimes right ventricle
• thickening of ventricular septum causing intermittent outflow obstruction (aortic valve out of left ventricle)
• causing decreased cardiac output and then hypoxia

Question 3

Inotrope

Answer 3

Drug that alters the force of muscular contractions

Question 4

positive inotrope

Answer 4

increases force of heart contraction

Question 5

negative inotrope

Answer 5

decreases force of heart contraction

Question 6

restrictive cardiomyopathy

Answer 6

• excessive rigidity of ventricular walls (looses compliance)
• rare, least common
• incomplete ventricular filling leading to decrease in cardiac output leading to hypoxia which usually leads to CHF

Question 7

Autosomal dominant

Answer 7

• single mutant allele

- 50% chance of inheriting

Question 8

Etiology of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Answer 8

• Idiopathic (50%)

- genetic (50%) -autosomal dominant

Question 9

Mnfts of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Answer 9

• systolic fx usually normal (can be asymptomatic)
• Dyspnea (when there is hypoxia, dyspnea)
• Angina (relates to heart muscle)
• Syncope (fainting not enough blood to the brain)
• palpitations (tachycardia & palpitation
• Sudden death – in young athletes

Question 10

asymptomatic

Answer 10

a condition producing or showing no symptoms

Question 11

Treatment of Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Answer 11

• negative inotrope (which will decrease the force of contraction of the heart)
• Sx
• alcohol septal ablation

Question 12

Dilated/congestive cardiomyopathy

Answer 12

• ventricular enlargement which cases decreased in size of chambers & impaired systolic function
• heart becomes so large it loses elasticity & loses compliance
• weak contractions – reduce ejection, leaves fraction of blood in heart results in decreased cardiac output

Question 13

Dilated/congestive cardiomyopathy ________ etiology

Answer 13

genetic

Question 14

What can contribute (put at greater risk) of developing dilated/congestive cardiomyopathy

Answer 14

• alcohol abuse (@ greater risk)
• viral infections
• chemotherapy

Question 15

A large heart is a ______

Answer 15

failing heart

Question 16

Treatment of dilated/congestive cardiomyopathy

Answer 16

• treat symptoms
• decrease cardiac workload ( through diuretics which decrease blood volume which then decreases preload)
• beta b blockers decrease HR