GCSE Ep *** > Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Cardiovascular System Flashcards

(17 cards)

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1
Q

What are the functions of the cardiovascular system?

A
  • transportation of oxygen, water and nutrients through the blood
  • provides protection from disease with antibodies
  • regulate body temperature by absorbing heat and taking it to the lungs or skin for release
  • carries away lactic acid
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2
Q

Describe arteries

A
  • they can vasoconstrict and vasodilate
  • carry blood away from the heart
  • high-pressure
  • thick muscular walls
  • carry oxygenated blood
  • small lumen
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3
Q

What is vasoconstriction?

A

Reducing the diameter of small arteries to reduce blood flow to tissue

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4
Q

What is vasodilation

A

Is the increasing of the diameter of small arteries to increase bloodflow to tissues

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5
Q

Describe a vein

A
  • Carry blood towards the heart
  • Carry deoxygenated blood
  • thin walls
  • large lumen
  • low-pressure
  • valves to prevent blood flowing backwards
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6
Q

Describe capillaries

A
  • tiny vessels linking arteries and veins
  • One cell thick walls
  • used for gaseous exchange
  • low-pressure
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7
Q

How do you calculate maximum heart rate?

A

220 - age

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8
Q

Equation for cardiac output

A

Cardiac output= heart rate x stroke volume

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9
Q

What is cardiac output?

A

The amount of blood pumped by each ventricle in one minute

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10
Q

What is heart rate?

A

The number of contractions of the heart each minute

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11
Q

What is stroke volume?

A

The amount of blood ejected from the heart on each contraction

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12
Q

What side of the heart carries oxygenated blood?

A

Left

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13
Q

What side of the heart carries deoxygenated blood?

A

Right

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14
Q

What does diastole mean?

A

When the heart ventricles are relaxed and the heart fills with blood

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15
Q

What does systole mean?

A

When the ventricles contract and pump blood to the arteries

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16
Q

What side is the tricuspid valve on ?

17
Q

What side is the bicuspid valve on?

GCSE Ep ***
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