case report
- aka clinical case report
- nonexperimental description of clinical practice
- can be prospective or retrespective
case study
experimental qualitative design
single subject design
a prospective extended baseline study with controlled conditions
- refers to the treatmnet of data NOT the number of subjects
purpose of a case report
- clarify clinical terminology, concepts, approaches to problem solving/future studies
what are the key aspects of a case report
- demonstrate knowledge translation/better inform the knowledge gap
- describe important clinical learning
- encourage reader/peer engagement
how do you describe important clinical learning in a case report
- including lessons learned and how that informs clinical practice
how to encourage peer and reader engagement in a case report
- make it readily understandablle for clinical practice
- avoid use of clinical jargon
- include tools, techniques, and thought processes employed in the case
what are the types of case reports
- differential diagnosis
- critical decision making
- muskuloskeletal imaging
- innovative intervention
what should be included if the case report is retrospective
ensure that documentation is thorough including all outcome measures used
- use standardized outcome measures
- appropriate measurements and collection of measurements
is a case report generalizable
not always
but it could be applicable to patient care in the future
why is a case report not as generalizable
- no blinding
- standarized outcome measures are not always used
- quality guidelines dont always exist for these types of studies
what is a good structure of a case report
- introduction/background
- methods/case description
- results
- discussion/conclusion
what is included in teh introduction and background
- relevant literature
- reveal the knowledge gap that exists
- lead to the purpose of the study
- patient condition and rationale for intervention
what is included in the mthods and case description
- description of patient
- examination data
- describe clinical decision making for differential diagnosis
- present information in chronological order
- avoid inclusion of info that isnt relevant
what is included in the results
- description of the outcomes of each follow up point
- present the facts and use interpretation for discussion
- report data in chronological order
what is included in the discussion/conclusion
- provide context of the results
- compare and contrast existing literature
- dont overindulge
- include possibilites for future research
