CB5

Question 1

explain the process/steps of genetic engineering:

Answer 1

1. identify a section of DNA that contains the gene for making the desired protein from the chromosome.
2. remove the required gene using an enzyme.
3. collect bacterial cell and remove plasmid.
4. open the plasmid using the same enzyme as was used for the gene.
5. insert gene into the open plasmid and close using a different enzyme.
6. insert the plasmid back into the same host bacterial cell to produce a genetically modified (GM) organism.

if we were trying to mass product the product the next steps would be:

7. grow the bacteria to have lots of bacterial cells containing the gene to make the new protein.
8. extract + purify the protein for use.

Question 2

what is genetic engineering?

Answer 2

genetic engineering is the transfer of DNA from one organism to another using biotechnology.

Question 3

what is the plasmid (GE)

Answer 3

the part of the bacterial cell that acts as a vector (carrier) for a gene of interest.

Question 4

give an advantage of using micro-organisms:

Answer 4

they produce larger quantities of protein at a lower cost.

Question 5

give an advantage of producing medicinal products by genetic engineering:

Answer 5

you can get the exact human copy.

Question 6

give examples of medical products made by genetic engineering:

Answer 6

-insulin
-factor VIII
-human growth hormone