What is cell differentiation?
When a cell changes to become specialised for a job
This process is crucial for the development of multicellular organisms.
When does differentiation happen in animals?
Mostly early in development (embryo stage)
This timing is essential for proper development and function.
Can plant cells differentiate throughout life?
Yes
This ability allows plants to adapt to their environment and grow continuously.
What is a specialised cell?
A cell adapted to carry out a specific function
Specialised cells contribute to the overall efficiency of an organism.
Why are specialised cells important?
They make organisms more efficient
Efficiency is key for survival and function in complex organisms.
How is a sperm cell specialised?
- Tail for movement
- Many mitochondria for energy
- Streamlined shape
These adaptations enhance the sperm’s ability to reach and fertilise the egg.
How is an egg cell specialised?
- Large
- Contains nutrients
- Haploid nucleus
These features support the early stages of embryonic development.
How is a red blood cell specialised?
- No nucleus
- Biconcave shape
- Contains haemoglobin
These adaptations allow for efficient oxygen transport in the bloodstream.
How is a nerve cell specialised?
- Long axon
- Branched ends
- Transmits electrical signals
These characteristics enable rapid communication within the nervous system.
How is a root hair cell specialised?
- Large surface area
- Long extension
- Absorbs water and minerals
These adaptations enhance the plant’s ability to uptake essential nutrients from the soil.
