Cell Division

Question 1

In interphase on a picture

Answer 1

Single area of dark

Question 2

Prophase 1 in mitosis and meiosis similarities and differences

Answer 2

Nucleus disapparears and chromosomes condense. Only 1 chromosome from each homologous pair is present in prophase 2

Question 3

Instead of undifferentiated say

Answer 3

Can be differentiated into specialised cells

Question 4

Immunosuppressant

Answer 4

If autoimmune disease

Question 5

If more chromosomes than normal

Answer 5

Metaphase checkpoint failed as not all chromatids have been separated

Question 6

Mitosis roles

Answer 6

Growth and repair

Question 7

Mitosis for aesexual reproduction

Answer 7

Genetically identical and maintains chromosome diploid number

Question 8

Unable for mitosis

Answer 8

Nuclear division so needs nucleus

Question 9

Answer 9

D is pyramide B fewer pyrimidire DNA replication scours down G2 checkpoint mutation or error

Question 10

Mitosis

Answer 10

Produce many cells and daughter cells genetically identical also growth

Question 11

Genetic variation

Answer 11

Pl crossing over m2ml independent assortment

Question 12

Explain

Answer 12

Feature reasoning

Question 13

Prophase

Answer 13

In both has 2 chromatids nucleus breaks plus spindle but only crossing over In meiosis there’s two crossing over

Question 14

WBC flexible

Answer 14

To increase SA in contact with capillary wall

Question 15

Pluripotent

Answer 15

Into any cell but not whole organism

Question 16

G2

Answer 16

DNA repair new checked for error organelle synthesis

Question 17

Irregular number

Answer 17

Incorrect chromosomes

Question 18

Why does mutation not get carried into S phase

Answer 18

G1 checkpoint

Question 19

What do you need for mitosis

Answer 19

Nucleus and dna

Question 20

Why might you be in s phase for long

Answer 20

Synthesise more or longer dna

Question 21

Permanent g0

Answer 21

Doesn’t leave

Question 22

Spores

Answer 22

Haploid

Question 23

Acrosomes

Answer 23

Penetrate the egg

Question 24

No more dividing after g2

Answer 24

More DNA and no visible chromosome

Question 25

Roles of mitosis

Answer 25

Body plan, production of new stem cells

Question 26

Why reproduce asexually when conditions are favourable

Answer 26

G1 offspring , offspring produced quickly will find conditions favourable

Question 27

Mitosis over meiosis

Answer 27

Growth and genetic identical cells and no haploid

Question 28

Prophase

Answer 28

Chromosomes visible and not aligned on equators.

Question 29

Describe

Answer 29

Where what

Question 30

Erthyocyle

Answer 30

Synthesise haemoglobin remove organelles associated with proteins synthesis

Question 31

Embryonic stems

Answer 31

Test for side effects, test for effectiveness, cell function studied what makes it work in diseases

Question 32

Tissue and muscles

Answer 32

Muscle is multiple tissues but tissue contract. Tissue has one few function,

Question 33

Why g0

Answer 33

Irregular shape, unfunctional cytoskeleton or differentiated

Question 34

Multi potent or embryonic

Answer 34

Cell type and for embryonic it renews source of cells

Question 35

Not totipotent if

Answer 35

Can’t form whole organism, cant rise to extra embryonic tissue

Question 36

Answer 36

Question 37

Answer 37

Question 38

Meiosis vs mitosis

Answer 38

Meiosis: fertilisation occurs , extensive genetic variation, little energy, 1 cell divides to form 4 cells, population growth slow Mitosis: population growth fast, limited genetic variation, no fertilisation, lots of energy, 1 cell divides into 2 Both : genes past on, parents cell divide

Question 39

Two features only in stem cells

Answer 39

Capable of mitosis and they are undifferentiated

Question 40

Why use stem cells in medicine

Answer 40

Used for testing and you can use them to study development of embryos. It avoids the needs for living organisms

Question 41

When talking about mitosis mention

Answer 41

Many cells. Genetically identical

Question 42

Describe telophase what is seen visible

Answer 42

A new membrane is formed visible down the centre of the cell. Cytokinesis is beginning so they divide

Question 43

If metaphase stopped

Answer 43

Some cells contain incorrect number of chromosomes

Question 44

Binary fusion vs mitosis

Answer 44

Mitosis has circular dna and has spindle fibres that pull chromosomes apart