Cell Structure

Question 1

Cell Theory is one of the scientific theories upon which biology is based. It explains the relationship between life and properties of Cells. Cell Theory says:- 3pts

Answer 1

1. All organisms consist of one or more cells, 2. The cell is the basic unit of all organisms, 3. All cells come from pre-existing, living cells.

Question 2

Despite variation cells (whether they be protozoan, plant, animal or bacterial cells) have certain features in common. Cells are similar in the way they :- 4pts

Answer 2

1. Duplicate their hereditary material, 2. Use their hereditary material to direct protein synthesis, 3. Handle energy transfer, and 4. Regulate the exchange of materials.

Question 3

All living organisms belong to one of three major domains. They are either :- 3pts

Answer 3

1. Bacteria 2. Archaea 3. Eukarya

Question 4

Features common to all cells :- 4pts

Answer 4

1. Plasma Membrane 2. Cytoplasm 3. DNA 4. Ribosomes

Question 5

What is the function of a Ribosome?

Answer 5

A Ribosome is a structure which makes proteins

Question 6

DNA is the __________ ________ of the cell.

Answer 6

DNA is the Genetic Material of the Cell.

Question 7

What is Cytoplasm?

Answer 7

Cytoplasm, is the material within the cell in which other cellular components are found.

Question 8

What is and what roles does the Plasma Membrane have?

Answer 8

An outer covering that separates the cell’s interior from its environment

Question 9

Features of all Cells (Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes) 3pts

Answer 9

1. Surrounded by a selectively permeable plasma membrane, 2. Have Ribosome’s for the purpose of protein synthesis, 3. Contain double stranded DNA as their genetic material.

Question 10

Plasma Membrane

Function-

Structure-

Answer 10

Function - A selectively permeable barrier surrounding the cell.

Structure - A lipid bilayer 8-10 nm thick with selectively permeable protein pores known as a fluid mosaic structure. The phospholipid molecule has a polar head and two non-polar tails, membrane proteins are interspersed throughout the lipid bilayer.

Question 11

Ribosomes

Function-

Structure-

Answer 11

Function - Ribosome’s are the sites of protein synthesis, where mRNA is translated into protein. Ribosome move stepwise along a strand of mRNA and sequentially add the appropriate amino acids according to the template of mRNA to form a new protein. When the ribosome reaches the end of the coding sequence of the mRNA the new protein is released and the ribosome detached.

Structure - Consists of a small and a large subunit. The large subunit binds to the small subunit. A membrane does not surround the ribosome. It can exist free in the cytoplasm of in groups of 3-30 ribosome’s to from a polysome