Cell Structure: Active Transport

Question 1

What do Calcium 2+ ions have a role in?

Answer 1

Cell Signalling

Question 2

What is constantly happening to Ca2+ ions inside cells?

Answer 2

Ca2+ ions are constantly transferring from inside the cytoplasm to the outside of the cell.

Question 3

Describe the direction of movement in active transport.

Answer 3

From a region of a lower concentration to a region of higher concentration.

Question 4

Which specific protein is needed for active transport?

Answer 4

Carrier Protein

Question 5

What chemical is required for active transport?

Answer 5

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

Question 6

What is the first stage of actively transporting a chemical across a membrane?

Answer 6

-The molecule to be transported attaches itself to a receptor site on the carrier protein on the side of the membrane with a lower concentration.

Question 7

What happens after the desired molecule binds to the 1st receptor site on the carrier protein?

Answer 7

ATP molecule binds to the 2nd receptor site on the carrier protein.

Question 8

Describe what happens to the ATP molecule on the carrier protein which causes allostery of the carrier protein.

Answer 8

-ATP molecule is hydrolysed producing a phosphate molecule and an ADP molecule.
-Phosphate molecule attaches to carrier protein which causes the protein to change its shape .
-This shape changes causes the attached molecule to be transported across to the other side of the membrane where it is then released.

Question 9

Describe what happens after the desired molecule has been transported by the carrier protein.

Answer 9

-The phosphate molecules leaves the carrier protein and this causes the protein to change back to its original shape .
-This then allows for the ADP and phosphate molecules to rejoin and reform ATP later in respiration.