cells core concepts

Question 1

Structure of squamous epithelium cell and location?

Answer 1

-Flattened cells, very thin
- Found in walls of alveoli, blood vessels, lining of renal capsule

Question 2

Function of squamous epithelium cell?

Answer 2

• It is thin and flat for to give a short diffusion distance for gas exchange in alveoli or a smooth lining in blood vessels

Question 3

Describe the structure and location of cuboidal epithelium cell?

Answer 3

• Cells are cube shape, taller than squamous
• Found in kidney tubes and ducts of salivary glands

Question 4

Function of cuboidal epithelium cell?

Answer 4

• Secretion and reabsorption

Question 5

Describe structure and location of columnar epithelium cell?

Answer 5

• Cells are elongated
• Found in small intestine

Question 6

Function of columnar epithelium cell?

Answer 6

• Microvilli increase surface area for absorption

Question 7

Describe structure and location of ciliated epithelium cell?

Answer 7

• Cells very elongated, column with cilia at end
• Found in trachea, fallopian tubes and bronchi

Question 8

Function of ciliated epithelium cell?

Answer 8

• Cilia waft to move dirt and dust out of air passages or eggs along fallopian tubes

Question 9

Describe structure and location of glandular epithelium cell?

Answer 9

• Cube shape with things in the top
• Found in salivary glands, pancreas, gastric glands in stomach

Question 10

Function of glandular epithelium cell?

Answer 10

• Secretes enzymes, hormones, saliva

Question 11

Steps of phagocytosis?

Answer 11

1. Cell surface receptor binds to antigen on bacterium
2. Cell membrane invaginates and engulfs the bacterium into a phagosome by endocytosis
3. Lysosome fuses with phagosome and digestive enzyme breaks down object. Bacterium is digested
4. Products of digestion absorbed by cytoplasm

Question 12

What is hydrophobic and hydrophilic?

Answer 12

• Hydrophobic = substance that does not mix with water
• Hydrophilic = polar molecule that interacts with water

Question 13

What is the structure of phospholipids in water?

Answer 13

• Fatty acid tails face outwards as they are hydrophobic, non polar and are repelling water. Phosphate heads face inwards as they are hydrophilic, polar an will interact with water

Question 15

Why do phospholipids form a bilayer?

Answer 15

• Fatty acids are hydrophobic so face each other and form a protected layer. The heads are hydrophilic so will face the cytoplasm