ch 19

Question 1

the urinary system secretes

Answer 1

urine

Question 2

the digestive system secretes

Answer 2

stool waste

Question 3

the respiratory system secretes

Answer 3

CO2

Question 4

the integumentary system secretes

Answer 4

sweat

Question 5

how does urine move from the kidneys to the bladder

Answer 5

two ureters

Question 6

what fibrous connective tissue surrounds the kidneys

Answer 6

renal capsule

Question 7

trigone

Answer 7

triangular-shaped region in the floor of the bladder

Question 8

organs of the urinary system

Answer 8

• kidneys
• ureters
• urinary bladder
• urethra
• meatus

Question 9

enlarged portion of the nephron that surrounds the glomerulus

Answer 9

Bowman capsule

Question 10

small blood vessel that supplies the glomerulus with blood

Answer 10

afferent arteriole

Question 11

controls water reabsorption

Answer 11

Anti-diuretic Hormone (ADH)

Question 12

• promotes reabsorption of Na+
• produced in adrenal cortex
• adrenal steroid

Answer 12

aldesterone

Question 13

where is the thirst center located

Answer 13

hypothalamus

Question 14

what abdominal organ controls salt excersion

Answer 14

kidneys

Question 15

intracellular

Answer 15

in-between

Question 16

extracellular

Answer 16

outside

Question 17

• movement of molecules in and out of a cell from Low to High
• requires energy

Answer 17

active transport

Question 18

• movement of solutes from High to Low
• does not require energy

Answer 18

diffusion

Question 19

• movement of water through a semi-permeable membrane
• high to low movement

Answer 19

osmosis

Question 20

nitrogenous waste product

Answer 20

urea

Question 21

what is the specific gravity of urine

Answer 21

• the amount of dissolved substances in urine
• 1.002 (dilute) - 1.040 (concentrated)

Question 22

• movement of materials under pressure
• glomerulus –> glomerular capsule

Answer 22

glomerular filtration

Question 23

what happens between the glomerulus and the bowman capsule

Answer 23

nephron’s filtering device

Question 24

the small coiled tube that creates urine

Answer 24

nephron

Question 25

the section of nephron forming a U-shaped tube

Answer 25

loop of Henle

Question 26

the blood vessels that surround the loop of Henle are...

Answer 26

- vasa recta - peritubular capillaries

Question 27

which system secretes the largest volume of water

Answer 27

urinary system

Question 28

what does retroperitoneal mean

Answer 28

poeterior to the peritoneum

Question 29

3 parts of the kidney

Answer 29

- renal cortex - renal medulla - renal pelvis - capsule, nephron

Question 30

the path of a blood cell as it passes through the kidney

Answer 30

- renal artery - afferent arterioles - glomerulus - efferent arteriole - peritubular - renal veins

Question 31

what does the proximal convoluted tubule do

Answer 31

- drains to Loop of Henle - reabsorbs glucose, amino acids, and peptides

Question 32

- composed of cells of afferent arteriole and distal tubule - synthesized renin in response to low blood pressure

Answer 32

juxtaglomerular apparatus

Question 33

actively transports specific substances from the peritubular capillary (blood) into the nephron tubule

Answer 33

tubular secretion

Question 34

a short segment of a nephron that regulates homeostasis

Answer 34

distal convolutes tubule

Question 35

- filter waste from blood - reabsorb nutrients

Answer 35

peritubular capillaries

Question 36

why would ADH increase

Answer 36

water retention --> collecting duct

Question 37

what is the daily urine output of an adult

Answer 37

1-1.5L

Question 38

- the act of urination - voiding of the urinary bladder

Answer 38

Micturition

Question 39

what does urine normally contain

Answer 39

- 50% urea and uric acid - creatine - electrolytes - pigments

Question 40

fluid that drains from tissues into the lymphatic system - low levels of K+, less than 1% of body weight

Answer 40

lymph

Question 41

water levels in the body are maintained by...

Answer 41

the hypothalamus

Question 42

what do the kidneys directly influence

Answer 42

- blood pressure - fluid balance - hormones

Question 43

how do cations play a major role in bone formation

Answer 43

Ca+ is required for bone formation

Question 44

promotes Na retention

Answer 44

aldosterone

Question 45

how does ADH relate to water intake

Answer 45

it increases water adsorption

Question 46

removal of the kidney

Answer 46

nephrectomy