Ch. 3

Question 1

Risk factors for atherosclerosis

Answer 1

• diabetes
• hypertension
• hyperlipidemia
• smoking (Most common)

Question 2

Most common location for chronic Peripheral Arterial disease in general population:

Answer 2

Distal SFA

Question 3

_______ is the hardening and thickening of arterial wall, eventually forming plaque and stenosis

Answer 3

Atherosclerosis

Question 4

__________ is Pain and muscle fatigue with activity. Patient MUST STOP to rest.

Answer 4

Claudication

Question 5

_________ is Not vascular related. MSK or Neurogenic related. NO muscle fatigue.

Answer 5

Pseudo-claudication

Question 6

________ is Pain in feet and heels at night in bed or when limb is at same level as heart.

Answer 6

Rest pain

Question 7

________ is Ulcers and gangrene in distal limbs (toes/top of feet)

Answer 7

Tissue loss/Necrosis

Question 8

What are the 6 P’s

Answer 8

1. Pain
2. Pallor
3. Polar
4. Paresthesia
5. Pulselessness
6. Paralysis

Question 9

Acute Arterial Occlusion =

Answer 9

Thrombus

Question 10

Thrombus is caused by :

Answer 10

Trauma or dissection

Question 11

________ is air, liquid, solid that travels and lodges distally

Answer 11

Embolism

Question 12

Most common source of an embolism is:

Answer 12

Heart

Question 13

Who is at risk for an embolism?

Answer 13

Pt. known to have and aneurysm or plaque

Question 14

With _________ Pt. experiences symptoms of ischemia in hands or feet when exposed to cold

Answer 14

Raynauds phenomenon
(Cold sensitivity)

Question 15

Symptoms of Raynauds Phenomenon:

Answer 15

1. Blue or white discoloration
2. Pain
3. Tingling
4. Numbness

Question 16

With _________ young women will have bilateral symptoms. Experience vasospasm when cold or emotionally stressed. Functional disease.

Answer 16

Primary Raynauds

Question 17

__________ is caused by side effects. Pt. has existing fixed arterial disease. May not have ischemia symptoms at rest. When cold, vasoconstriction worsens ischemia

Answer 17

Secondary Raynauds

Question 18

_______ is inflammation of the vessel

Answer 18

Arteritis

Question 19

Takayasu effects what population:

Answer 19

Young Asian women

Question 20

_________ affects larger vessels such as aorta. “Pulseless disease”

Answer 20

Takayasu

Question 21

Buerger’s disease AKA

Answer 21

Thromboangitis obliterans

Question 22

What is the most common arteritis:

Answer 22

Buerger’s disease

Question 23

Buerger’s disease effects what population:

Answer 23

Young men that are heavy smokers

Question 24

_______ affects the smallest most distal vessels

Answer 24

Buerger’s disease

Question 25

Symptoms of Buerger's:

Answer 25

* Rest pain * Gangrene * Ulcers

Question 26

Most common location of an aneurysm:

Answer 26

Infrarenal aorta

Question 27

Most common cause of an aneurysm is:

Answer 27

Atherosclerosis

Question 28

Most common type of aneurysm:

Answer 28

Fusiform

Question 29

Most likely complications of an aneurysm:

Answer 29

* AAA rupture * Peripheral embolization

Question 30

_________ is a congenital narrowing of aortic arch. Diminished pulses and hypertension in younger people

Answer 30

Coarctation

Question 31

___________ is compression of pop by gastrocnemius muscle. Found in younger athletic men experiencing intermittent claudication

Answer 31

Popliteal entrapment

Question 32

__________ is compression of nerves or blood vessels by shoulder, ribs, and muscles

Answer 32

Thoracic outlet syndrome

Question 33

_______ is compression of artery by swelling trapped inside fascia. Most often anterior tibial region

Answer 33

Compartment syndrome

Question 34

Most common location for chronic Peripheral Arterial disease in diabetics:

Answer 34

Tibial Vessels

Question 35

Symptoms of atherosclerosis:

Answer 35

* Claudiacation * Pseudo-claudication * Rest Pain * Tissue loss/Necrosis

Question 36

What is the most common type of arterial disease:

Answer 36

Chronic Peripheral Arterial Disease

Question 37

Chronic peripheral arterial disease AKA:

Answer 37

Arteriosclerosis

Question 38

Dissection leads to the __________ of vessel

Answer 38

Thrombosis

Question 39

Physical signs of chronic PAD:

Answer 39

* Diminished or absent pulses * Dependent rubor *Delayed capillary filling * Bruits

Question 40

Physical signs of chronic PAD (Trophic changes):

Answer 40

* Dry skin * Loss of hair * Thick toenails * Pale skin * Cool to touch * Ulcer