Ch. 41- Practice Test

Question 1

1. Which anatomic term means toward the midline.

a. anterior
b. posterior
c. medial
d. cranial

Answer 1

c. medial

Question 2

2. Which are the smallest living components in our body?

a. Cells
b. Organs
c. Electrons
d. Osmosis

Answer 2

a. Cells

Question 3

3. Which is the largest organelle, responsible for cell reproduction and control of other organelles?

a. Nucleus
b. Ribosome
c. Mitochondrion
d. Golgi apparatus

Answer 3

a. Nucleus

Question 4

4. When the patient complains of pain in the bladder, this indicates a likely disorder in which body cavity?

a. Pelvic
b. Mediastinum
c. Dorsal
d. Abdominal

Answer 4

a. Pelvic

Question 5

5. The four phases of cell division all occur in which process?

a. diffusion.
b. mitosis.
c. osmosis.
d. filtration.

Answer 5

b. mitosis.

Question 6

6. Telophase is which phase of cell reproduction during mitosis?

a. First phase
b. Latent phase
c. Final phase
d. Spindle phase

Answer 6

c. Final phase

Question 7

7. The nurse is aware that which muscle group is both striated and involuntary?

a. Skeletal
b. Glial
c. Cardiac
d. Visceral

Answer 7

c. Cardiac

Question 8

8. Which is a group of several different kinds of tissues arranged so that together they can perform a more complex function than any tissue alone?

a. Organ
b. System
c. Cell
d. Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 8

a. Organ

Question 9

9. Which traits describe visceral muscles?

a. Smooth and voluntary
b. Smooth and involuntary
c. Striated and voluntary
d. Striated and involuntary

Answer 9

b. Smooth and involuntary

Question 10

10. How are the thoracic and abdominal cavities separated?

a. By the pleura
b. By the diaphragm
c. By the sagittal plane
d. By the peritoneum

Answer 10

b. By the diaphragm

Question 11

11. Which is the broad section of biology dealing with the description of human structure?

a. Hematology
b. Anatomy
c. Kinesiology
d. Physiology

Answer 11

b. Anatomy

Question 12

12. Which term explains the processes and functions of many structures of the body and how they interact with one another?

a. Anatomy
b. Mitosis
c. Filtration
d. Physiology

Answer 12

d. Physiology

Question 13

13. Which anatomic structure(s) is/are NOT in the thoracic cavity?

a. heart
b. lungs
c. blood vessels
d. transverse colon

Answer 13

d. transverse colon

Question 14

14. When several organs and parts are grouped together for certain functions, which is formed?

a. tissues.
b. systems.
c. cells.
d. membranes.

Answer 14

b. systems.

Question 15

15. Which are the distinct surface proteins of the plasma membrane essential in determining?

a. Tissue typing
b. Blood count
c. Effectiveness of a drug
d. Sexual maturity

Answer 15

a. Tissue typing

Question 16

16. In anatomic terminology, posterior means toward which body part?

a. tail.
b. head.
c. back.
d. trunk.

Answer 16

c. back.

Question 17

17. What does the transverse body plane divide?

a. The front and back (coronal) of the body
b. The body lengthwise (two equal halves)
c. The superior and inferior portions of the body
d. The body into axial and appendicular

Answer 17

c. The superior and inferior portions of the body

Question 18

18. Caudal is defined as toward which direction?

a. head
b. feet
c. tail
d. chest

Answer 18

c. tail

Question 19

19. Which is the term for movement of water from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration?

a. Absorption
b. Filtration
c. Diffusion
d. Osmosis

Answer 19

d. Osmosis

Question 20

20. Which is the type of tissue composed of cells that contract in response to a message from the brain or spinal cord?

a. Epithelial
b. Connective
c. Membrane
d. Muscle

Answer 20

d. Muscle

Question 21

21. Which is the type of tissue associated with the storage of fat?

a. Areolar tissue
b. Adipose tissue
c. Osseous tissue
d. Muscle tissue

Answer 21

b. Adipose tissue

Question 22

22. Which are the tissues that lubricate and line the body surfaces that open to the outside environment?

a. Mucous membranes
b. Serous membranes
c. Cytoplasm
d. Involuntary visceral muscles

Answer 22

a. Mucous membranes

Question 23

23. Which is the process by which a cell digests a foreign material by surrounding it?

a. Pinocytosis
b. Phagocytosis
c. Absorption
d. Diffusion

Answer 23

b. Phagocytosis

Question 24

24. Active transport in the movement of ions and other water-soluble particles across cell membranes requires that the body uses which process?

a. rapid filtration.
b. charged diffusion.
c. a chemical pump.
d. osmosis.

Answer 24

c. a chemical pump.

Question 25

25. Which is the term for the passage of water containing dissolved materials through a membrane as the result of a greater mechanical force on one side? a. Metabolism b. Mitosis c. Filtration d. Osmosis

Answer 25

c. Filtration

Question 26

26. The nurse is aware that when a patient complains of pain in the epigastric region, the source of the pain is most likely to be a disorder involving which organ? a. gallbladder. b. transverse colon. c. stomach. d. appendix.

Answer 26

c. stomach.

Question 27

27. Which are tissues that cover the outside of the body and some internal structures? a. Connective b. Epithelial c. Nerve d. Muscle

Answer 27

b. Epithelial

Question 28

28. When the nurse assesses an arm in proximal to distal order, the assessment is performed in which manner? a. From the shoulder to the fingers. b. From the front to the back. c. From the fingers to the center of the body. d. From the center of the body to the fingers.

Answer 28

a. From the shoulder to the fingers.

Question 29

29. Which is the function of epithelial membranes? a. Secretes mucus, lines ends of bones, and lines bursae. b. Lines ends of bones, secretes synovial fluid, and lines internal surfaces of organs. c. Covers the wall of lower digestive tract, secretes mucus, and lines lungs, peritoneum, and pericardium. d. Lines lungs, peritoneum, and pericardium, and secretes synovial fluid.

Answer 29

c. Covers the wall of lower digestive tract, secretes mucus, and lines lungs, peritoneum, and pericardium.

Question 30

30. The nurse explains that pinocytosis is a process by which cells perform which action? a. divide. b. take in extracellular fluid. c. use a chemical pump. d. convert mitochondria.

Answer 30

b. take in extracellular fluid.

Question 31

31. Which is the most complex structural level of organization of the body? a. Body as a whole b. Cellular c. Organs d. Chemical

Answer 31

a. Body as a whole

Question 32

32. Which structure forms the outer boundary of the cell? a. The nucleus b. The cytoplasm c. The plasma membrane d. The endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 32

c. The plasma membrane

Question 33

1. Which are among the 11 body systems? (Select all that apply.) a. Lymphatic b. Cellular c. Digestive d. Reproductive e. Accessory f. Spinal cord

Answer 33

a. Lymphatic c. Digestive d. Reproductive

Question 34

2. Which are characteristics of visceral muscles? (Select all that apply.) a. Involuntary b. Smooth c. Striated d. Independent from the spinal cord e. Voluntary f. Present in the blood vessels

Answer 34

a. Involuntary b. Smooth f. Present in the blood vessels

Question 35

3. Which are passive transport mechanisms that move material across the cell membranes? (Select all that apply.) a. Diffusion b. Evaporation c. Filtration d. Osmosis e. Mitosis f. Anaphase

Answer 35

a. Diffusion c. Filtration d. Osmosis

Question 36

4. Which organs can be found in the dorsal cavity? (Select all that apply.) a. Descending colon b. Kidneys c. Gallbladder d. Brain e. Pancreas f. Spinal cavities

Answer 36

d. Brain f. Spinal cavities

Question 37

1. The nurse clarifies that the three functions of epithelial tissue are protection, __________________, and secretion.

Answer 37

absorption

Question 38

2. The nurse explains that are ________________ small saclike structures inside the cell that digest compounds that have invaded the cell.

Answer 38

lysosomes

Question 39

3. The body plane that divides the body into the ventral and dorsal section is the ___________________ plane.

Answer 39

coronal