Ch. 7 Sampling

Question 1

Population

Answer 1

a larger group from which a sample is drawn; the group to which a study’s conclusions are intended to be applied

Question 2

Sample

Answer 2

The group of people, animals, or cases used in a study; a subset of the population of interest.

Question 3

Census

Answer 3

A set of observations that contains all members of the population of interest.

Question 4

Biased Sample

Answer 4

Sample in which some members of the population of interest are systematically left out and the results cannot generalize.

Question 5

Unbiased Sample

Answer 5

A sample in which all members of the population of interest are equally likely to be included, results can generalize to the population.

Question 6

Convenience Sampling

Answer 6

Choosing a sample based on those who are easiest to access and readily available; a biased sampling technique.

Question 7

Self-Selection

Answer 7

A form of sampling bias that occurs when a sample contains only people who volunteer to participate.

Question 8

Probability Sampling

Answer 8

Each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected

Question 9

Simple Random Sampling

Answer 9

The most basic form of probability sampling, in which the sample is chosen completely at random from the population of interest.

Question 10

Systematic Sampling

Answer 10

A probability sampling technique in which the researcher uses a randomly chosen number, and counts off every Nth member of a population to achieve a sample.

Question 11

Cluster Sampling

Answer 11

Clusters of participants within the population of interest are selected at random, followed by data collection from all individuals in each cluster.

Question 12

Multistage Sampling

Answer 12

Two stages: a random sample of clusters followed by a random sample of people within the selected clusters.

Question 13

Stratified Random Sampling

Answer 13

Researcher identifies particular demographic categories, and then randomly selects individuals within each category.

Question 14

Oversampling

Answer 14

Variation of stratified random sampling in which the researcher intentionally overrepresents one or more groups

Question 15

Purposive Sampling

Answer 15

A biased sampling technique in which only certain kinds of people are included in a sample.

Question 16

Snowball Sampling

Answer 16

Variation on purposive sampling, participants are asked to recommend acquaintances for the study.

Question 17

Quota Sampling

Answer 17

Researchers identifies subsets of the population of interest, sets a target number for each category in the sample, and non-randomly selects individuals within each category until the quotas are filled